CHAPTER 45-15RELATIONS OF PARTNERS TO PERSONS DEALING WITH PARTNERSHIP45-15-01. (301) Partner agent of partnership. Subject to the effect of a statement ofpartnership authority under section 45-15-03:1.Each partner is an agent of the partnership for the purpose of its business. An act of<br>a partner, including the execution of an instrument in the partnership name, for<br>apparently carrying on in the ordinary course the partnership business or business of<br>the kind carried on by the partnership binds the partnership, unless the partner had<br>no authority to act for the partnership in the particular matter and the person with<br>whom the partner was dealing knew or had received a notification that the partner<br>lacked authority.2.An act of a partner which is not apparently for carrying on in the ordinary course the<br>partnership business or business of the kind carried on by the partnership binds the<br>partnership only if the act was authorized by the other partners.45-15-02. (302) Transfer of partnership property.1.Partnership property may be transferred as follows:a.Subject to the effect of a statement of partnership authority under section<br>45-15-03, partnership property held in the name of the partnership may be<br>transferred by an instrument of transfer executed by a partner in the partnership<br>name.b.Partnership property held in the name of one or more partners with an<br>indication in the instrument transferring the property to them of their capacity as<br>partners or of the existence of a partnership, but without an indication of the<br>name of the partnership, may be transferred by an instrument of transfer<br>executed by the persons in whose name the property is held.c.Partnership property held in the name of one or more persons other than the<br>partnership, without an indication in the instrument transferring the property to<br>them of their capacity as partners or of the existence of a partnership, may be<br>transferred by an instrument of transfer executed by the persons in whose<br>name the property is held.2.A partnership may recover partnership property from a transferee only if it proves<br>that execution of the instrument of initial transfer did not bind the partnership under<br>section 45-15-01 and:a.As to a subsequent transferee who gave value for property transferred under<br>subdivision a or b of subsection 1, proves that the subsequent transferee knew<br>or had received a notification that the person who executed the instrument of<br>initial transfer lacked authority to bind the partnership; orb.As to a transferee who gave value for property transferred under subdivision c<br>of subsection 1, proves that the transferee knew or had received a notification<br>that the property was partnership property and that the person who executed<br>the instrument of initial transfer lacked authority to bind the partnership.3.A partnership may not recover partnership property from a subsequent transferee if<br>the partnership would not have been entitled to recover the property, under<br>subsection 2, from any earlier transferee of the property.Page No. 14.If a person holds all of the partners' interests in the partnership, all of the partnership<br>property vests in that person. The person may execute a document in the name of<br>the partnership to evidence vesting of the property in that person and may file or<br>record the document.45-15-03. (303) Statement of partnership authority.1.A partnership may file with the secretary of state, along with the fees provided in<br>section 45-13-05, a statement of partnership authority which:a.Must include:(1)The name of the partnership;(2)The street address of the partnership's principal executive office and of<br>one office in this state, if there is one;(3)The name and mailing address of each partner;(4)The name of the registered agent of the partnership as provided in<br>chapter 10-01.1 and, if a noncommercial registered agent, the address of<br>the noncommercial registered agent in this state;(5)The name of each partner authorized to execute an instrument<br>transferring real property held in the name of the partnership; and(6)The nature of business to be transacted.b.May state the authority, or limitations on the authority, of some or all of the<br>partners to enter into other transactions on behalf of the partnership and any<br>other matter.2.If a filed statement of partnership authority is executed pursuant to subsection 3 of<br>section 45-13-05 and states the name of the partnership but does not contain all of<br>the other information required by subsection 1, the statement nevertheless operates<br>with respect to a person not a partner as provided in subsections 3 and 4.3.Except as otherwise provided in subsection 6, a filed statement of partnership<br>authority supplements the authority of a partner to enter into transactions on behalf<br>of the partnership as follows:a.Except for transfers of real property, a grant of authority contained in a filed<br>statement of partnership authority is conclusive in favor of a person who gives<br>value without knowledge to the contrary, so long as and to the extent that a<br>limitation on that authority is not then contained in another filed statement. A<br>filed cancellation of a limitation on authority revives the previous grant of<br>authority.b.A grant of authority to transfer real property held in the name of the partnership<br>contained in a certified copy of a filed statement of partnership authority<br>recorded in the office for recording transfers of that real property is conclusive<br>in favor of a person who gives value without knowledge to the contrary, so long<br>as and to the extent that a certified copy of a filed statement containing a<br>limitation on that authority is not then of record in the office for recording<br>transfers of that real property. The recording in the office for recording transfers<br>of that real property of a certified copy of a filed cancellation of a limitation on<br>authority revives the previous grant of authority.Page No. 24.A person not a partner is deemed to know of a limitation on the authority of a partner<br>to transfer real property held in the name of the partnership if a certified copy of the<br>filed statement containing the limitation on authority is of record in the office for<br>recording transfers of that real property.5.Except as otherwise provided in subsections 3 and 4 and sections 45-19-04 and<br>45-20-05, a person not a partner is not deemed to know of a limitation on the<br>authority of a partner merely because the limitation is contained in a filed statement.6.Unless earlier canceled, a filed statement of partnership authority is canceled by<br>operation of law five years after the date on which the statement, or the most recent<br>amendment, was filed with the secretary of state.45-15-03.1.Registered office - Registered agent.A partnership that files andmaintains a statement of partnership authority shall continuously maintain a registered agent as<br>provided by chapter 10-01.1 and, if a noncommercial registered agent, the address of the<br>noncommercial registered agent in this state.45-15-03.2. Change of registered office or agent.1.A partnership that files and maintains a statement of partnership authority may<br>change the partnership's registered office, change the partnership's registered<br>agent, or state a change in the name of the partnership's registered agent as<br>provided in chapter 10-01.1.2.A registered agent of a partnership may resign as provided in chapter 10-01.1.45-15-04. (304) Statement of denial. A partner or other person named as a partner in afiled statement of partnership authority may file with the secretary of state, along with the fees<br>provided in section 45-13-05, a statement of denial stating the name of the partnership and the<br>fact that is being denied, which may include denial of a person's authority or status as a partner.<br>A statement of denial is a limitation on authority as provided in subsections 3 and 4 of section<br>45-15-03.45-15-05. (305) Partnership liable for partner's actionable conduct.1.A partnership is liable for loss or injury caused to a person, or for a penalty incurred,<br>as a result of a wrongful act or omission, or other actionable conduct, of a partner<br>acting in the ordinary course of business of the partnership or with authority of the<br>partnership.2.If, in the course of the partnership's business or while acting with authority of the<br>partnership, a partner receives or causes the partnership to receive money or<br>property of a person not a partner, and the money or property is misapplied by a<br>partner, the partnership is liable for the loss.45-15-06. (306) Partner's liability.1.Except as otherwise provided in subsection 2 and in chapter 45-22, all partners are<br>liable jointly and severally for all obligations of the partnership unless otherwise<br>agreed by the claimant or provided by law.2.A person admitted as a partner into an existing partnership is not personally liable<br>for any partnership obligation incurred before the person's admission as a partner.45-15-07. (307) Actions by and against partnership and partners.1.A partnership may sue and be sued in the name of the partnership.Page No. 32.An action may be brought against the partnership and any or all of the partners in<br>the same action or in separate actions.3.A judgment against a partnership is not by itself a judgment against a partner. A<br>judgment against a partnership may not be satisfied from a partner's assets unless<br>there is also a judgment against the partner.4.A judgment creditor of a partner may not levy execution against the assets of the<br>partner to satisfy a judgment based on a claim against the partnership unless:a.A judgment based on the same claim has been obtained against the<br>partnership and a writ of execution on the judgment has been returned<br>unsatisfied in whole or in part;b.The partnership is a debtor in bankruptcy;c.The partner has agreed that the creditor need not exhaust partnership assets;d.A court grants permission to the judgment creditor to levy execution against the<br>assets of a partner based on a finding that partnership assets subject to<br>execution are clearly insufficient to satisfy the judgment, that exhaustion of<br>partnership assets is excessively burdensome, or that the grant of permission is<br>an appropriate exercise of the court's equitable powers; ore.Liability is imposed on the partner by law or contract independent of the<br>existence of the partnership.5.This section applies to any partnership liability or obligation resulting from a<br>representation by a partner or purported partner under section 45-15-08.45-15-08. (308) Liability of purported partner.1.If a person, by words or conduct, purports to be a partner, or consents to being<br>represented by another as a partner, in a partnership or with one or more persons<br>not partners, the purported partner is liable to a person to whom the representation<br>is made, if that person, relying on the representation, enters into a transaction with<br>the actual or purported partnership. If the representation, either by the purported<br>partner or by a person with the purported partner's consent, is made in a public<br>manner, the purported partner is liable to a person who relies upon the purported<br>partnership even if the purported partner is not aware of being held out as a partner<br>to the claimant. If partnership liability results, the purported partner is liable with<br>respect to that liability as if the purported partner were a partner. If no partnership<br>liability results, the purported partner is liable with respect to that liability jointly and<br>severally with any other person consenting to the representation.2.If a person is thus represented to be a partner in an existing partnership, or with one<br>or more persons not partners, the purported partner is an agent of persons<br>consenting to the representation to bind them to the same extent and in the same<br>manner as if the purported partner were a partner, with respect to persons who enter<br>into transactions in reliance upon the representation. If all of the partners of the<br>existing partnership consent to the representation, a partnership act or obligation<br>results. If fewer than all of the partners of the existing partnership consent to the<br>representation, the person acting and the partners consenting to the representation<br>are jointly and severally liable.3.A person is not liable as a partner merely because the person is named by another<br>in a statement of partnership authority.Page No. 44.A person does not continue to be liable as a partner merely because of a failure to<br>file a statement of dissociation or to amend a statement of partnership authority to<br>indicate the partner's dissociation from the partnership.5.Except as otherwise provided in subsections 1 and 2, persons who are not partners<br>as to each other are not liable as partners to other persons.Page No. 5Document Outlinechapter 45-15 relations of partners to persons dealing with partnership
CHAPTER 45-15RELATIONS OF PARTNERS TO PERSONS DEALING WITH PARTNERSHIP45-15-01. (301) Partner agent of partnership. Subject to the effect of a statement ofpartnership authority under section 45-15-03:1.Each partner is an agent of the partnership for the purpose of its business. An act of<br>a partner, including the execution of an instrument in the partnership name, for<br>apparently carrying on in the ordinary course the partnership business or business of<br>the kind carried on by the partnership binds the partnership, unless the partner had<br>no authority to act for the partnership in the particular matter and the person with<br>whom the partner was dealing knew or had received a notification that the partner<br>lacked authority.2.An act of a partner which is not apparently for carrying on in the ordinary course the<br>partnership business or business of the kind carried on by the partnership binds the<br>partnership only if the act was authorized by the other partners.45-15-02. (302) Transfer of partnership property.1.Partnership property may be transferred as follows:a.Subject to the effect of a statement of partnership authority under section<br>45-15-03, partnership property held in the name of the partnership may be<br>transferred by an instrument of transfer executed by a partner in the partnership<br>name.b.Partnership property held in the name of one or more partners with an<br>indication in the instrument transferring the property to them of their capacity as<br>partners or of the existence of a partnership, but without an indication of the<br>name of the partnership, may be transferred by an instrument of transfer<br>executed by the persons in whose name the property is held.c.Partnership property held in the name of one or more persons other than the<br>partnership, without an indication in the instrument transferring the property to<br>them of their capacity as partners or of the existence of a partnership, may be<br>transferred by an instrument of transfer executed by the persons in whose<br>name the property is held.2.A partnership may recover partnership property from a transferee only if it proves<br>that execution of the instrument of initial transfer did not bind the partnership under<br>section 45-15-01 and:a.As to a subsequent transferee who gave value for property transferred under<br>subdivision a or b of subsection 1, proves that the subsequent transferee knew<br>or had received a notification that the person who executed the instrument of<br>initial transfer lacked authority to bind the partnership; orb.As to a transferee who gave value for property transferred under subdivision c<br>of subsection 1, proves that the transferee knew or had received a notification<br>that the property was partnership property and that the person who executed<br>the instrument of initial transfer lacked authority to bind the partnership.3.A partnership may not recover partnership property from a subsequent transferee if<br>the partnership would not have been entitled to recover the property, under<br>subsection 2, from any earlier transferee of the property.Page No. 14.If a person holds all of the partners' interests in the partnership, all of the partnership<br>property vests in that person. The person may execute a document in the name of<br>the partnership to evidence vesting of the property in that person and may file or<br>record the document.45-15-03. (303) Statement of partnership authority.1.A partnership may file with the secretary of state, along with the fees provided in<br>section 45-13-05, a statement of partnership authority which:a.Must include:(1)The name of the partnership;(2)The street address of the partnership's principal executive office and of<br>one office in this state, if there is one;(3)The name and mailing address of each partner;(4)The name of the registered agent of the partnership as provided in<br>chapter 10-01.1 and, if a noncommercial registered agent, the address of<br>the noncommercial registered agent in this state;(5)The name of each partner authorized to execute an instrument<br>transferring real property held in the name of the partnership; and(6)The nature of business to be transacted.b.May state the authority, or limitations on the authority, of some or all of the<br>partners to enter into other transactions on behalf of the partnership and any<br>other matter.2.If a filed statement of partnership authority is executed pursuant to subsection 3 of<br>section 45-13-05 and states the name of the partnership but does not contain all of<br>the other information required by subsection 1, the statement nevertheless operates<br>with respect to a person not a partner as provided in subsections 3 and 4.3.Except as otherwise provided in subsection 6, a filed statement of partnership<br>authority supplements the authority of a partner to enter into transactions on behalf<br>of the partnership as follows:a.Except for transfers of real property, a grant of authority contained in a filed<br>statement of partnership authority is conclusive in favor of a person who gives<br>value without knowledge to the contrary, so long as and to the extent that a<br>limitation on that authority is not then contained in another filed statement. A<br>filed cancellation of a limitation on authority revives the previous grant of<br>authority.b.A grant of authority to transfer real property held in the name of the partnership<br>contained in a certified copy of a filed statement of partnership authority<br>recorded in the office for recording transfers of that real property is conclusive<br>in favor of a person who gives value without knowledge to the contrary, so long<br>as and to the extent that a certified copy of a filed statement containing a<br>limitation on that authority is not then of record in the office for recording<br>transfers of that real property. The recording in the office for recording transfers<br>of that real property of a certified copy of a filed cancellation of a limitation on<br>authority revives the previous grant of authority.Page No. 24.A person not a partner is deemed to know of a limitation on the authority of a partner<br>to transfer real property held in the name of the partnership if a certified copy of the<br>filed statement containing the limitation on authority is of record in the office for<br>recording transfers of that real property.5.Except as otherwise provided in subsections 3 and 4 and sections 45-19-04 and<br>45-20-05, a person not a partner is not deemed to know of a limitation on the<br>authority of a partner merely because the limitation is contained in a filed statement.6.Unless earlier canceled, a filed statement of partnership authority is canceled by<br>operation of law five years after the date on which the statement, or the most recent<br>amendment, was filed with the secretary of state.45-15-03.1.Registered office - Registered agent.A partnership that files andmaintains a statement of partnership authority shall continuously maintain a registered agent as<br>provided by chapter 10-01.1 and, if a noncommercial registered agent, the address of the<br>noncommercial registered agent in this state.45-15-03.2. Change of registered office or agent.1.A partnership that files and maintains a statement of partnership authority may<br>change the partnership's registered office, change the partnership's registered<br>agent, or state a change in the name of the partnership's registered agent as<br>provided in chapter 10-01.1.2.A registered agent of a partnership may resign as provided in chapter 10-01.1.45-15-04. (304) Statement of denial. A partner or other person named as a partner in afiled statement of partnership authority may file with the secretary of state, along with the fees<br>provided in section 45-13-05, a statement of denial stating the name of the partnership and the<br>fact that is being denied, which may include denial of a person's authority or status as a partner.<br>A statement of denial is a limitation on authority as provided in subsections 3 and 4 of section<br>45-15-03.45-15-05. (305) Partnership liable for partner's actionable conduct.1.A partnership is liable for loss or injury caused to a person, or for a penalty incurred,<br>as a result of a wrongful act or omission, or other actionable conduct, of a partner<br>acting in the ordinary course of business of the partnership or with authority of the<br>partnership.2.If, in the course of the partnership's business or while acting with authority of the<br>partnership, a partner receives or causes the partnership to receive money or<br>property of a person not a partner, and the money or property is misapplied by a<br>partner, the partnership is liable for the loss.45-15-06. (306) Partner's liability.1.Except as otherwise provided in subsection 2 and in chapter 45-22, all partners are<br>liable jointly and severally for all obligations of the partnership unless otherwise<br>agreed by the claimant or provided by law.2.A person admitted as a partner into an existing partnership is not personally liable<br>for any partnership obligation incurred before the person's admission as a partner.45-15-07. (307) Actions by and against partnership and partners.1.A partnership may sue and be sued in the name of the partnership.Page No. 32.An action may be brought against the partnership and any or all of the partners in<br>the same action or in separate actions.3.A judgment against a partnership is not by itself a judgment against a partner. A<br>judgment against a partnership may not be satisfied from a partner's assets unless<br>there is also a judgment against the partner.4.A judgment creditor of a partner may not levy execution against the assets of the<br>partner to satisfy a judgment based on a claim against the partnership unless:a.A judgment based on the same claim has been obtained against the<br>partnership and a writ of execution on the judgment has been returned<br>unsatisfied in whole or in part;b.The partnership is a debtor in bankruptcy;c.The partner has agreed that the creditor need not exhaust partnership assets;d.A court grants permission to the judgment creditor to levy execution against the<br>assets of a partner based on a finding that partnership assets subject to<br>execution are clearly insufficient to satisfy the judgment, that exhaustion of<br>partnership assets is excessively burdensome, or that the grant of permission is<br>an appropriate exercise of the court's equitable powers; ore.Liability is imposed on the partner by law or contract independent of the<br>existence of the partnership.5.This section applies to any partnership liability or obligation resulting from a<br>representation by a partner or purported partner under section 45-15-08.45-15-08. (308) Liability of purported partner.1.If a person, by words or conduct, purports to be a partner, or consents to being<br>represented by another as a partner, in a partnership or with one or more persons<br>not partners, the purported partner is liable to a person to whom the representation<br>is made, if that person, relying on the representation, enters into a transaction with<br>the actual or purported partnership. If the representation, either by the purported<br>partner or by a person with the purported partner's consent, is made in a public<br>manner, the purported partner is liable to a person who relies upon the purported<br>partnership even if the purported partner is not aware of being held out as a partner<br>to the claimant. If partnership liability results, the purported partner is liable with<br>respect to that liability as if the purported partner were a partner. If no partnership<br>liability results, the purported partner is liable with respect to that liability jointly and<br>severally with any other person consenting to the representation.2.If a person is thus represented to be a partner in an existing partnership, or with one<br>or more persons not partners, the purported partner is an agent of persons<br>consenting to the representation to bind them to the same extent and in the same<br>manner as if the purported partner were a partner, with respect to persons who enter<br>into transactions in reliance upon the representation. If all of the partners of the<br>existing partnership consent to the representation, a partnership act or obligation<br>results. If fewer than all of the partners of the existing partnership consent to the<br>representation, the person acting and the partners consenting to the representation<br>are jointly and severally liable.3.A person is not liable as a partner merely because the person is named by another<br>in a statement of partnership authority.Page No. 44.A person does not continue to be liable as a partner merely because of a failure to<br>file a statement of dissociation or to amend a statement of partnership authority to<br>indicate the partner's dissociation from the partnership.5.Except as otherwise provided in subsections 1 and 2, persons who are not partners<br>as to each other are not liable as partners to other persons.Page No. 5Document Outlinechapter 45-15 relations of partners to persons dealing with partnership
CHAPTER 45-15RELATIONS OF PARTNERS TO PERSONS DEALING WITH PARTNERSHIP45-15-01. (301) Partner agent of partnership. Subject to the effect of a statement ofpartnership authority under section 45-15-03:1.Each partner is an agent of the partnership for the purpose of its business. An act of<br>a partner, including the execution of an instrument in the partnership name, for<br>apparently carrying on in the ordinary course the partnership business or business of<br>the kind carried on by the partnership binds the partnership, unless the partner had<br>no authority to act for the partnership in the particular matter and the person with<br>whom the partner was dealing knew or had received a notification that the partner<br>lacked authority.2.An act of a partner which is not apparently for carrying on in the ordinary course the<br>partnership business or business of the kind carried on by the partnership binds the<br>partnership only if the act was authorized by the other partners.45-15-02. (302) Transfer of partnership property.1.Partnership property may be transferred as follows:a.Subject to the effect of a statement of partnership authority under section<br>45-15-03, partnership property held in the name of the partnership may be<br>transferred by an instrument of transfer executed by a partner in the partnership<br>name.b.Partnership property held in the name of one or more partners with an<br>indication in the instrument transferring the property to them of their capacity as<br>partners or of the existence of a partnership, but without an indication of the<br>name of the partnership, may be transferred by an instrument of transfer<br>executed by the persons in whose name the property is held.c.Partnership property held in the name of one or more persons other than the<br>partnership, without an indication in the instrument transferring the property to<br>them of their capacity as partners or of the existence of a partnership, may be<br>transferred by an instrument of transfer executed by the persons in whose<br>name the property is held.2.A partnership may recover partnership property from a transferee only if it proves<br>that execution of the instrument of initial transfer did not bind the partnership under<br>section 45-15-01 and:a.As to a subsequent transferee who gave value for property transferred under<br>subdivision a or b of subsection 1, proves that the subsequent transferee knew<br>or had received a notification that the person who executed the instrument of<br>initial transfer lacked authority to bind the partnership; orb.As to a transferee who gave value for property transferred under subdivision c<br>of subsection 1, proves that the transferee knew or had received a notification<br>that the property was partnership property and that the person who executed<br>the instrument of initial transfer lacked authority to bind the partnership.3.A partnership may not recover partnership property from a subsequent transferee if<br>the partnership would not have been entitled to recover the property, under<br>subsection 2, from any earlier transferee of the property.Page No. 14.If a person holds all of the partners' interests in the partnership, all of the partnership<br>property vests in that person. The person may execute a document in the name of<br>the partnership to evidence vesting of the property in that person and may file or<br>record the document.45-15-03. (303) Statement of partnership authority.1.A partnership may file with the secretary of state, along with the fees provided in<br>section 45-13-05, a statement of partnership authority which:a.Must include:(1)The name of the partnership;(2)The street address of the partnership's principal executive office and of<br>one office in this state, if there is one;(3)The name and mailing address of each partner;(4)The name of the registered agent of the partnership as provided in<br>chapter 10-01.1 and, if a noncommercial registered agent, the address of<br>the noncommercial registered agent in this state;(5)The name of each partner authorized to execute an instrument<br>transferring real property held in the name of the partnership; and(6)The nature of business to be transacted.b.May state the authority, or limitations on the authority, of some or all of the<br>partners to enter into other transactions on behalf of the partnership and any<br>other matter.2.If a filed statement of partnership authority is executed pursuant to subsection 3 of<br>section 45-13-05 and states the name of the partnership but does not contain all of<br>the other information required by subsection 1, the statement nevertheless operates<br>with respect to a person not a partner as provided in subsections 3 and 4.3.Except as otherwise provided in subsection 6, a filed statement of partnership<br>authority supplements the authority of a partner to enter into transactions on behalf<br>of the partnership as follows:a.Except for transfers of real property, a grant of authority contained in a filed<br>statement of partnership authority is conclusive in favor of a person who gives<br>value without knowledge to the contrary, so long as and to the extent that a<br>limitation on that authority is not then contained in another filed statement. A<br>filed cancellation of a limitation on authority revives the previous grant of<br>authority.b.A grant of authority to transfer real property held in the name of the partnership<br>contained in a certified copy of a filed statement of partnership authority<br>recorded in the office for recording transfers of that real property is conclusive<br>in favor of a person who gives value without knowledge to the contrary, so long<br>as and to the extent that a certified copy of a filed statement containing a<br>limitation on that authority is not then of record in the office for recording<br>transfers of that real property. The recording in the office for recording transfers<br>of that real property of a certified copy of a filed cancellation of a limitation on<br>authority revives the previous grant of authority.Page No. 24.A person not a partner is deemed to know of a limitation on the authority of a partner<br>to transfer real property held in the name of the partnership if a certified copy of the<br>filed statement containing the limitation on authority is of record in the office for<br>recording transfers of that real property.5.Except as otherwise provided in subsections 3 and 4 and sections 45-19-04 and<br>45-20-05, a person not a partner is not deemed to know of a limitation on the<br>authority of a partner merely because the limitation is contained in a filed statement.6.Unless earlier canceled, a filed statement of partnership authority is canceled by<br>operation of law five years after the date on which the statement, or the most recent<br>amendment, was filed with the secretary of state.45-15-03.1.Registered office - Registered agent.A partnership that files andmaintains a statement of partnership authority shall continuously maintain a registered agent as<br>provided by chapter 10-01.1 and, if a noncommercial registered agent, the address of the<br>noncommercial registered agent in this state.45-15-03.2. Change of registered office or agent.1.A partnership that files and maintains a statement of partnership authority may<br>change the partnership's registered office, change the partnership's registered<br>agent, or state a change in the name of the partnership's registered agent as<br>provided in chapter 10-01.1.2.A registered agent of a partnership may resign as provided in chapter 10-01.1.45-15-04. (304) Statement of denial. A partner or other person named as a partner in afiled statement of partnership authority may file with the secretary of state, along with the fees<br>provided in section 45-13-05, a statement of denial stating the name of the partnership and the<br>fact that is being denied, which may include denial of a person's authority or status as a partner.<br>A statement of denial is a limitation on authority as provided in subsections 3 and 4 of section<br>45-15-03.45-15-05. (305) Partnership liable for partner's actionable conduct.1.A partnership is liable for loss or injury caused to a person, or for a penalty incurred,<br>as a result of a wrongful act or omission, or other actionable conduct, of a partner<br>acting in the ordinary course of business of the partnership or with authority of the<br>partnership.2.If, in the course of the partnership's business or while acting with authority of the<br>partnership, a partner receives or causes the partnership to receive money or<br>property of a person not a partner, and the money or property is misapplied by a<br>partner, the partnership is liable for the loss.45-15-06. (306) Partner's liability.1.Except as otherwise provided in subsection 2 and in chapter 45-22, all partners are<br>liable jointly and severally for all obligations of the partnership unless otherwise<br>agreed by the claimant or provided by law.2.A person admitted as a partner into an existing partnership is not personally liable<br>for any partnership obligation incurred before the person's admission as a partner.45-15-07. (307) Actions by and against partnership and partners.1.A partnership may sue and be sued in the name of the partnership.Page No. 32.An action may be brought against the partnership and any or all of the partners in<br>the same action or in separate actions.3.A judgment against a partnership is not by itself a judgment against a partner. A<br>judgment against a partnership may not be satisfied from a partner's assets unless<br>there is also a judgment against the partner.4.A judgment creditor of a partner may not levy execution against the assets of the<br>partner to satisfy a judgment based on a claim against the partnership unless:a.A judgment based on the same claim has been obtained against the<br>partnership and a writ of execution on the judgment has been returned<br>unsatisfied in whole or in part;b.The partnership is a debtor in bankruptcy;c.The partner has agreed that the creditor need not exhaust partnership assets;d.A court grants permission to the judgment creditor to levy execution against the<br>assets of a partner based on a finding that partnership assets subject to<br>execution are clearly insufficient to satisfy the judgment, that exhaustion of<br>partnership assets is excessively burdensome, or that the grant of permission is<br>an appropriate exercise of the court's equitable powers; ore.Liability is imposed on the partner by law or contract independent of the<br>existence of the partnership.5.This section applies to any partnership liability or obligation resulting from a<br>representation by a partner or purported partner under section 45-15-08.45-15-08. (308) Liability of purported partner.1.If a person, by words or conduct, purports to be a partner, or consents to being<br>represented by another as a partner, in a partnership or with one or more persons<br>not partners, the purported partner is liable to a person to whom the representation<br>is made, if that person, relying on the representation, enters into a transaction with<br>the actual or purported partnership. If the representation, either by the purported<br>partner or by a person with the purported partner's consent, is made in a public<br>manner, the purported partner is liable to a person who relies upon the purported<br>partnership even if the purported partner is not aware of being held out as a partner<br>to the claimant. If partnership liability results, the purported partner is liable with<br>respect to that liability as if the purported partner were a partner. If no partnership<br>liability results, the purported partner is liable with respect to that liability jointly and<br>severally with any other person consenting to the representation.2.If a person is thus represented to be a partner in an existing partnership, or with one<br>or more persons not partners, the purported partner is an agent of persons<br>consenting to the representation to bind them to the same extent and in the same<br>manner as if the purported partner were a partner, with respect to persons who enter<br>into transactions in reliance upon the representation. If all of the partners of the<br>existing partnership consent to the representation, a partnership act or obligation<br>results. If fewer than all of the partners of the existing partnership consent to the<br>representation, the person acting and the partners consenting to the representation<br>are jointly and severally liable.3.A person is not liable as a partner merely because the person is named by another<br>in a statement of partnership authority.Page No. 44.A person does not continue to be liable as a partner merely because of a failure to<br>file a statement of dissociation or to amend a statement of partnership authority to<br>indicate the partner's dissociation from the partnership.5.Except as otherwise provided in subsections 1 and 2, persons who are not partners<br>as to each other are not liable as partners to other persons.Page No. 5Document Outlinechapter 45-15 relations of partners to persons dealing with partnership
