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<![CDATA[CHAPTER 26.1-41AUTO ACCIDENT REPARATIONS26.1-41-01. Definitions. As used in this chapter:1."Accidental bodily injury" means bodily injury, sickness, or disease, including death<br>resulting therefrom, arising out of the operation of a motor vehicle, and excluding<br>injury as the result of an individual entering or alighting from a stopped motor vehicle<br>if the injury is not caused by another motor vehicle, and which is accidental as to the<br>person claiming basic or optional excess no-fault benefits.2."Basic no-fault benefits" means benefits for economic loss resulting from accidental<br>bodily injury.The maximum amount of basic no-fault benefits payable for alleconomic loss incurred and resulting from accidental bodily injury to any one person<br>as the result of any one accident may not exceed thirty thousand dollars, regardless<br>of the number of persons entitled to the benefits or the number of basic no-fault<br>insurers obligated to pay the benefits.Basic no-fault benefits payable may notexceed one hundred fifty dollars per week per person prorated for any lesser period<br>for work loss or survivors' income loss, or three thousand five hundred dollars for<br>funeral, cremation, and burial expenses.3."Basic no-fault insurer" means an insurer or a qualified self-insurer.4."Bus" means:a.Any motor vehicle owned by a public or governmental agency and operated for<br>the transportation of children to or from school or privately owned and operated<br>for compensation for the transportation of children to or from school.b.Any motorvehicle owned by a charitable, religious, educational, orgovernmental corporation or organization designed for carrying more than ten<br>passengers and used for the transportation of persons not for compensation.c.Any motor vehicle owned by a political subdivision and operated as part of a<br>public transit system in which all or a portion of the costs of operation are<br>subsidized by the political subdivision or the federal government.5."Dependent survivors" means the surviving spouse of a deceased injured person if<br>residing in the deceased's household at the time of the deceased's death, and other<br>persons receiving support from the deceased injured person at the time of the<br>deceased's death which would qualify them as dependents of the deceased for<br>federal income tax purposes under the federal Internal Revenue Code.Thedependency of a surviving spouse terminates upon remarriage.6."Disability" means the inability to engage in substantially all of the injured person's<br>usual and customary daily activities.7."Economic loss" means medical expenses, rehabilitation expenses, work loss,<br>replacement services loss, survivors' income loss, survivors' replacement services<br>loss, and funeral, cremation, and burial expenses.8."Injured person" means an individual who sustains accidental bodily injury.9."Medical expenses" means usual and customary charges incurred for reasonable<br>and necessary medical, surgical, diagnostic, x-ray, dental, prosthetic, ambulance,<br>hospital, or professional nursing services or services for remedial treatment and<br>care. Usual and customary charges do not include:Page No. 1a.The portion of the charge for a room in any hospital, clinic, convalescent or<br>nursing home, extended care facility, or any similar facility in excess of the<br>reasonable and customary charge for semiprivate accommodations unless<br>intensive care is medically needed.b.Charges for drugs sold without a prescription.c.Charges for experimental treatments.d.Charges for medically unproven treatments.10."Motor vehicle" means a vehicle having more than three load-bearing wheels, of a<br>kind required to be registered under the laws of this state relating to motor vehicles,<br>designed primarily for operation upon the public streets, roads, and highways, and<br>driven by power other than muscular power, and includes a trailer drawn by or<br>attached to such a vehicle.11."Noneconomic loss" means pain, suffering, inconvenience, and other nonpecuniary<br>damage recoverable under the tort law of this state.12."Occupying" means to be in or upon a motor vehicle.13."Operation of a motor vehicle" means operation, maintenance, or use of a motor<br>vehicle as a vehicle. Operation of a motor vehicle does not include conduct within<br>the course of a business of repairing, servicing, or otherwise maintaining a motor<br>vehicle unless the injury occurs off the business premises, or conduct in the course<br>of loading and unloading the vehicle unless the injury occurs while occupying the<br>motor vehicle.14."Owner" means the person in whose name the motor vehicle has been registered. If<br>ownership has been transferred, but the registration record has not been changed,<br>"owner" means the person, other than a lienholder, to whom ownership has been<br>transferred. If no registration is in effect at the time of an accident involving the<br>motor vehicle, "owner" means the person, other than a lienholder, who holds the<br>legal title to the motor vehicle.If the motor vehicle is the subject of a securityagreement with the debtor having the right to possession, a lease with an option to<br>purchase with the lessee having the right to possession, or a lease with a term of six<br>months or more with the lessee having the right to possession, "owner" means the<br>debtor or lessee.15."Pedestrian" means any individual not occupying any vehicle designed to be driven<br>or drawn by power other than muscular power.16."Rehabilitation expense" means the cost of a procedure or treatment for<br>rehabilitation or a course of rehabilitative occupational training if the procedure,<br>treatment, or training is reasonable and appropriate for the particular case, its cost is<br>reasonable in relation to its probable rehabilitative effects, and it is likely to contribute<br>substantially to medical or occupational rehabilitation.17."Relative" means any of the following residing in the same household as the owner:<br>an individual related to the owner by blood, marriage, or adoption, or a foster child.<br>An individual resides in the same household if that individual usually makes a home<br>in the same family unit, even though temporarily living elsewhere.18."Replacement services loss" means expenses not exceeding fifteen dollars per day<br>in obtaining ordinary and necessary services from others not members of the injured<br>person's household in lieu of those that the injured person would have performed<br>had the injured person not been injured, not for income but for the benefit of thePage No. 2injured person or the injured person's household. Replacement services loss does<br>not include any loss after the death of an injured person.19."Secured motor vehicle" means a motor vehicle with respect to which the security<br>required by this chapter was in effect at the time of its involvement in the accident<br>resulting in accidental bodily injury.20."Secured person" means the owner, operator, or occupant of a secured motor<br>vehicle, and any other person legally responsible for the acts or omissions of the<br>owner, operator, or occupant.21."Serious injury" means an accidental bodily injury which results in death,<br>dismemberment, serious and permanent disfigurement or disability beyond sixty<br>days, or medical expenses in excess of two thousand five hundred dollars.Aninjured person who is furnished the services in subsection 9 without charge or at less<br>than the usual and customary charge for the service in this state is deemed to have<br>sustained a serious injury if a court determines that the usual and customary value<br>of the services exceeds two thousand five hundred dollars.22."Survivors' income loss" means loss sustained after an injured person's death by<br>dependent survivors during their dependency and consisting of the loss of the<br>contributions they would have received for their support from the decedent out of<br>income from work the decedent would normally have performed had the decedent<br>not died.23."Survivors' replacement services loss" means expenses, not to exceed fifteen<br>dollars per day after the injured person's death, by dependent survivors in obtaining<br>ordinary and necessary services from others not members of the decedent's<br>household in lieu of the services the decedent would have performed not for income<br>but for the benefit of the decedent's household.24."Work loss" means eighty-five percent of loss of income from work an injured person<br>who would normally be employed in gainful activity during the period of disability<br>would have performed had the person not been injured, reduced by any income<br>from substitute work actually performed by the injured person or by income the<br>injured person would have earned in available appropriate substitute work that the<br>injured person was capable of performing but unreasonably failed to undertake.<br>Work loss does not include any loss after death of an injured person.26.1-41-02.Security requirements - Authority of director of the department oftransportation.1.The owner of a motor vehicle required to be registered in this state, or the owner of a<br>motor vehicle operated in this state by the owner or with the owner's permission,<br>shall continuously provide with respect to the motor vehicle during the period in<br>which operation is contemplated in this state security for payment of basic no-fault<br>benefits and the liabilities covered under the motor vehicle liability insurance.2.The security may be provided by an insurance policy complying with this chapter<br>issued by an insurer authorized to transact business in this state, or, by<br>self-insurance as approved by the commissioner.3.If the motor vehicle is registered in another state, the security may be provided by an<br>insurance policy issued by an insurer authorized to transact business in either this<br>state or the state in which the motor vehicle is registered, or, by self-insurance as<br>approved by the insurance department of the state in which the motor vehicle is<br>registered.Page No. 34.The owner of any motor vehicle who operates it or permits it to be operated in this<br>state when the owner knows or should know that the owner has failed to comply with<br>the requirement that the owner provide security under this chapter shall have the<br>motor vehicle registration revoked or suspended in accordance with procedures<br>established by the director of the department of transportation under the motor<br>vehicle law of this state until the owner provides the security required by this chapter.5.An owner of a motor vehicle with respect to which security is required who fails to<br>have the security in effect at the time of an accident is absolutely liable at law for<br>payment of basic no-fault benefits and has all the rights and obligations of a basic<br>no-fault insurer under this chapter. This remedy is in addition to any other remedy<br>that an injured person may have against the owner.6.An insurance policy which purports to provide coverage for basic no-fault benefits or<br>is sold with the representation that it fulfills the requirements of security as required<br>by this chapter is deemed to include all coverage required by this chapter.7.The director of the department of transportation may supervise the enforcement of<br>the compulsory security requirements of this chapter and may adopt the rules<br>necessary in respect to the maintenance of the requirements.26.1-41-03.Suspension of coverage - Request by owner.Upon notice from theowner of a secured motor vehicle stating that the secured motor vehicle will not be operated on<br>public roads or highways during a period of not less than thirty consecutive days, the basic<br>no-fault insurer of the vehicle shall suspend on a pro rata basis or shall offer a similar credit, to<br>the extent requested by the owner, insurance coverage afforded under the policy providing the<br>security for payment of basic no-fault benefits and the liabilities covered under the motor vehicle<br>liability insurance for the secured motor vehicle until notified by the owner that the coverage<br>should be reinstated. The owner may not be required to surrender the number plates during the<br>policy suspension period. During the period of suspension, subsections 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, and 7 of<br>section 26.1-41-02 do not apply with respect to the secured motor vehicle, but if the secured<br>motor vehicle is operated by or with the permission of the owner during the period of suspension,<br>subsections 1, 2, 4, 5, and 7 of section 26.1-41-02 become applicable. This section does not<br>apply to an owner of a secured motor vehicle for which proof of financial responsibility is required<br>under the financial responsibility laws of this state.26.1-41-04.Optional excess no-fault benefits.Each basic no-fault insurer of theowner of a secured motor vehicle shall also make available optional excess no-fault benefits for<br>excess economic loss commencing upon the exhaustion of basic no-fault benefits, up to a total of<br>eighty thousand dollars in no-fault benefits for accidental bodily injury to any one person in any<br>one accident, including an accident when the person who purchased the optional excess no-fault<br>benefits or that person's relative is injured in a motor vehicle not owned by the insured or as a<br>pedestrian. A basic no-fault insurer may also offer benefits and limits other than those prescribed<br>in this section, and a basic no-fault insurer may incorporate in optional excess no-fault coverage<br>the terms, conditions, and exclusions as may be consistent with the premiums charged. The<br>amounts payable under optional excess no-fault benefits may be duplicative of benefits received<br>from any collateral sources or may be written in excess of such collateral source benefits, or may<br>provide for reasonable waiting period, deductibles, or coinsurance provisions.The optionalexcess no-fault benefits of a basic no-fault insurer may provide for subrogation to the injured<br>person's right of recovery against any responsible third party.26.1-41-05. Self-insurance - Liability policies - Authority of commissioner.1.Self-insurance used as security required by this chapter may be provided by filing in<br>satisfactory form all of the following:a.A continuing undertaking by the owner or other appropriate person to pay basic<br>no-fault benefits and the liabilities covered by motor vehicle liability insurance<br>and to perform all other obligations imposed by this chapter.Page No. 4b.Evidence that appropriate provision exists for the prompt and efficient<br>administration of all claims, benefits, and obligations provided by this chapter.c.Evidence that reliable financial arrangements, deposits, or commitments exist<br>providing assurance for payment of basic no-fault benefits and the liabilities<br>covered by motor vehicle liability insurance and all other obligations imposed by<br>this chapter substantially equivalent to those afforded by an insurance policy<br>that would comply with this chapter.2.Every insurer authorized to transact the business of motor vehicle liability insurance<br>in this state shall file with the commissioner as a condition of its continued<br>transaction of business in this state a form declaring that its motor vehicle liability<br>policies wherever issued are deemed to provide the security required by this chapter<br>when the motor vehicle is operated in this state. Any nonadmitted insurer may file<br>this form.3.The commissioner may adopt necessary rules not inconsistent with this chapter.<br>The commissioner may provide schedules of reasonable maximum benefits<br>payments for specified medical services and rehabilitation expenses which basic<br>no-fault insurers may incorporate into their policies of basic or optional excess<br>coverages afforded pursuant to this chapter.26.1-41-06. Persons entitled to basic no-fault benefits. Each basic no-fault insurer ofa secured motor vehicle shall pay basic no-fault benefits without regard to fault for economic loss<br>resulting from:1.Accidental bodily injury sustained in the United States or its possessions or in<br>Canada by the owner of the motor vehicle or any relative of the owner:a.While occupying any motor vehicle; orb.While a pedestrian as the result of being struck by a motor vehicle or<br>motorcycle.2.Accidental bodily injury sustained by any other person while occupying the secured<br>motor vehicle if the accident occurs in the United States or its possessions or in<br>Canada.3.Accidental bodily injury sustained by any pedestrian in this state as a result of being<br>struck by the secured motor vehicle.26.1-41-07. Persons not entitled to benefits. Basic or optional excess no-fault benefitsare not payable to or on behalf of any person who is injured while:1.Occupying any motor vehicle without the expressed or implied consent of the owner<br>or while not in lawful possession of the motor vehicle.2.Occupying a motor vehicle owned by such person which is not insured for the<br>benefits required by this chapter unless uninsured solely because the insurance<br>company of the owner has not filed a form pursuant to subsection 2 of section<br>26.1-41-05 to provide the basic no-fault benefits required by this chapter.3.During a racing or speed contest, or in practicing or preparing for a racing or speed<br>contest.4.Intentionally causing or attempting to cause injury to oneself or another person.26.1-41-08. Secured person exemption.Page No. 51.In any action against a secured person to recover damages because of accidental<br>bodily injury arising out of the ownership or operation of a secured motor vehicle in<br>this state, the secured person is exempt from liability to pay damages for:a.Noneconomic loss unless the injury is a serious injury.b.Economic loss to the extent of all basic no-fault benefits paid or to become<br>payable for such injury under this chapter after subtracting the same elements<br>of loss recoverable under any workforce safety and insurance law.2.The exemption under subsection 1 does not apply unless the person who has<br>sustained accidental bodily injury is a person who may qualify for basic no-fault<br>benefits pursuant to section 26.1-41-06 and who is not excluded under section<br>26.1-41-07.26.1-41-09. Payment of basic and optional excess no-fault benefits.1.Basic and optional excess no-fault benefits are payable monthly for economic loss<br>sustained by an injured person or dependent survivors or incurred on the injured<br>person's behalf by the injured person's spouse, relatives, or guardian.A basicno-fault insurer may pay basic or optional excess no-fault benefits when due to the<br>above persons who it believes have sustained or incurred the economic loss or at its<br>option to the person rendering, for a charge, the services for which the benefits are<br>payable. If the injured person dies, a basic no-fault insurer may pay the benefits due<br>directly to those entitled to the benefits without the appointment of a personal<br>representative and unless a court directs otherwise, may pay all benefits for<br>survivors' income loss or replacement services loss to the surviving spouse for the<br>use and benefit of all dependent survivors.A basic no-fault insurer's paymentsmade in good faith in accordance with this chapter discharges its liability to the<br>extent of the payments unless the basic no-fault insurer has been notified in writing<br>of the claim of some other person prior to the making of any of the payments.2.Basic and optional excess no-fault benefits are overdue if not paid within thirty days<br>after the basic no-fault insurer receives reasonable proof of the fact and the amount<br>of loss sustained, except that the basic no-fault insurer may accumulate claims for<br>periods not exceeding one month, and the benefits are not overdue if paid within<br>twenty days after the period of accumulation. If reasonable proof is not supplied as<br>to the entire claim, the amount supported by reasonable proof is overdue if not paid<br>within thirty days after the proof is received by the basic no-fault insurer. Any part or<br>all of the remainder of the claim that is later supported by reasonable proof is<br>overdue if not paid within thirty days after proof is received by the basic no-fault<br>insurer. Payment is deemed made on the date of mailing. All overdue payments<br>must bear interest at the judgment rate allowed in section 28-20-34.3.Neither the injured person nor a basic no-fault insurer is required to pay for services<br>billed more than one hundred eighty days after the date of treatment.26.1-41-10.Assignment of nonmedical benefits unenforceable - Exemption ofbenefits from process.An agreement for assignment of any right to nonmedical benefitspayable in the future is unenforceable. Basic no-fault benefits are exempt from garnishment,<br>attachment, execution, and any other process or claim to the extent that wages or earnings are<br>exempt under any applicable law exempting wages or earnings from process or claims.26.1-41-11. Mental and physical examinations.1.Whenever the mental or physical condition of an individual is material to any claim<br>that has been or may be made for past or future basic or optional excess no-fault<br>benefits, the individual shall submit to mental or physical examination by a physician<br>designated by the basic no-fault insurer at a reasonably convenient location. BasicPage No. 6no-fault insurers are authorized to include reasonable provisions of this nature in<br>policies providing basic or excess no-fault benefits.2.If an individual refuses to submit to a mental or physical examination, a court at the<br>request of the insurer may enter an order requiring the individual to submit to the<br>examination. If the court finds that the individual failed to appear for the examination<br>without good cause, the court shall order the insured to reimburse the insurer for any<br>reasonably demonstrable cancellation charges for the examination.26.1-41-12. Discovery of facts about an injured person.1.Every employer or claimant, if a written request is made by a basic no-fault insurer<br>against whom a claim has been made, shall furnish forthwith, in a form approved by<br>the insurance commissioner, a sworn statement of the earnings, since the time of<br>the accidental bodily injury and for a twelve-month period before the injury, of the<br>individual upon whose injury the claim is based.2.Every physician, coroner or medical officer, hospital, clinic, or other medical<br>institution providing, before or after an accidental bodily injury upon which a claim for<br>basic or optional excess no-fault benefits is based, any products, services, or<br>accommodations in relation to the injury, or in relation to a condition claimed to be<br>connected with the injury, if requested in writing to do so by the basic no-fault insurer<br>against whom the claim has been made, shall:a.Promptly furnish a written report of the history, condition, treatment, and dates<br>and costs of treatment.b.Permit the inspection and copying of its records regarding the history, condition,<br>treatment, and dates and costs of treatment.c.Promptly furnish autopsy reports.3.In the event of any dispute regarding a basic no-fault insurer's right to discovery of<br>facts about an injured person's earnings or about history, condition, treatment, and<br>dates and costs of such treatment, a court of record may enter an order for such<br>discovery as justice requires.4.A person may not charge more than twenty dollars for the first twenty-five pages and<br>seventy-five cents per page for every page beyond twenty-five pages for providing a<br>copy of medical records provided to a basic no-fault insurer pursuant to this chapter.<br>This charge includes any administrative fee, retrieval fee, and postage expense.26.1-41-13. Priority of applicable security - Coordination of benefits.1.A basic no-fault insurer has the primary obligation to make payment for economic<br>loss because of accidental bodily injury arising out of the operation of a motor<br>vehicle; provided, that the amount of all benefits a claimant recovered or is entitled<br>to recover for the same elements of loss under any workforce safety and insurance<br>law must be subtracted from the basic no-fault benefits otherwise payable for the<br>injury.2.As between applicable security basic no-fault benefits are payable as follows:a.As to any person injured while occupying a secured motor vehicle, or injured as<br>a pedestrian by a secured motor vehicle, the basic no-fault insurer of the<br>secured motor vehicle shall pay the benefits.b.As to any person who is injured while occupying an unsecured motor vehicle, or<br>while being struck as a pedestrian by an unsecured motor vehicle, the basicPage No. 7no-fault insurer affording the benefits to the injured person shall pay the<br>benefits.c.As to any person injured while occupying a bus that is a secured motor vehicle,<br>the basic no-fault insurer affording benefits to the injured person as the owner<br>of a secured motor vehicle or as a relative of the owner of a secured motor<br>vehicle shall pay the benefits; and, if there is no basic no-fault insurer affording<br>benefits to the injured person, then the basic no-fault insurer of the bus shall<br>pay the benefits.d.As to any person injured while occupying a secured motor vehicle that is<br>transporting persons under a ridesharing arrangement, as defined in section<br>8-02-07, the basic no-fault insurer affording benefits to the injured person as the<br>owner of a secured motor vehicle or as a relative of the owner of a secured<br>motor vehicle shall pay the benefits; and, if there is no basic no-fault insurer<br>affording benefits to the injured person, then the basic no-fault insurer of the<br>secured motor vehicle shall pay the benefits.3.An insurer, health maintenance organization, or nonprofit health service corporation,<br>other than a basic no-fault insurer, authorized to do business in this state may<br>coordinate any benefits it is obligated to pay for economic loss incurred as a result of<br>accidental bodily injury, with the first ten thousand dollars of basic no-fault benefits.<br>A basic no-fault insurer authorized to do business in this state may coordinate any<br>benefits it is obligated to pay for medical expenses incurred as a result of accidental<br>bodily injury in excess of ten thousand dollars.An insurer, health maintenanceorganization, or nonprofit health service corporation, other than a basic no-fault<br>insurer, may not coordinate benefits unless it provides those persons who purchase<br>benefits from it with an equitable reduction or savings in the direct or indirect cost of<br>purchased benefits. The commissioner shall approve any coordination of benefits<br>plan.26.1-41-14. Stacking of basic no-fault benefits prohibited. When an injured person isprovided basic no-fault benefits by an insurance policy issued in compliance with this chapter, the<br>injured person is covered only to the extent of the basic no-fault benefits provided on the secured<br>motor vehicle involved in the accident and the optional excess no-fault benefits purchased by the<br>injured person, or a relative of the injured person, on a secured motor vehicle, if any, in excess of<br>the basic no-fault benefits provided on the secured motor vehicle involved in the accident. If any<br>person is injured while occupying an unsecured motor vehicle, basic no-fault benefits are only<br>available to the extent of the applicable basic no-fault benefits provided to the injured person as<br>the owner of a secured motor vehicle or as a relative of the owner of a secured motor vehicle. In<br>either instance, basic no-fault benefits on any secured motor vehicle may not be added or<br>stacked upon basic no-fault benefits available from any other source.26.1-41-15. Motor vehicle liability insurance - Extraterritorial provision.1.Motor vehicle liability insurance applies to the amounts which the owner is legally<br>obligated to pay as damages because of accidental bodily injury and accidental<br>property damage arising out of the ownership or operation of a motor vehicle, if the<br>accident occurs in the United States or its possessions or in Canada. Motor vehicle<br>liability insurance must afford limits of liability not less than those required under the<br>financial responsibility laws of this state. Customary terms and conditions applicable<br>to motor vehicle liability insurance apply.2.If the accident occurs outside this state but in the United States or its possessions or<br>in Canada:a.If the limits of liability of the financial responsibility or compulsory insurance<br>laws of the applicable jurisdiction exceed the limits of liability of the financial<br>responsibility laws of North Dakota, the motor vehicle liability insurance isPage No. 8deemed to comply with the limits of liability of the laws of the applicable<br>jurisdiction.b.If the limits of no-fault benefits of the applicable jurisdiction exceed the limits<br>provided under this chapter for no-fault benefits, the no-fault benefits are<br>deemed to comply with the limits of the benefits of the laws of the applicable<br>jurisdiction.26.1-41-16. Insurer's right of subrogation. A basic no-fault insurer which has paid ormay become obligated to pay basic no-fault benefits under this chapter is subrogated to the<br>extent of its obligations to all of the rights of the injured person against any person other than a<br>secured person. The subrogee has a lien to the extent of its obligations, and no release of rights<br>is effective against the rights without the subrogee's consent.26.1-41-17. Equitable allocation of losses among insurers. Repealed by S.L. 2005,ch. 274, <meta property="og:url" content="https://statutes.laws.com/test/" />
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<h2>State Codes and Statutes</h2>
<a href='https://statutes.laws.com/'>Statutes</a> > <a href='https://statutes.laws.com/north-dakota'>North-dakota</a> > <a href='https://statutes.laws.com/north-dakota/t261'>T261</a> > <a href='https://statutes.laws.com/north-dakota/t261/t261c41'>T261c41</a><br><br><a href="https://law.justia.com/codes/north-dakota/2009/t261/pdf/t261c41.pdf">Download pdf</a><br><div id="embed_document" style="width:625px; height:815px; text-align:center;">Loading PDF...</div><script type="text/javascript"> var pdf_url = 'https://law.justia.com/codes/north-dakota/2009/t261/pdf/t261c41.pdf'; $(document).ready(function() { var embedwindow = $("#embed_document"); if ($.browser.msie){ embedwindow.html('<embed src="'+pdf_url+'" width="100%" height="100%"></embed>'); } else { embedwindow.html('<iframe style="width:100%; height:100%;" src="https://docs.google.com/gview?url='+window.escape(pdf_url)+'&embedded=true" frameborder="0"></iframe>'); } });</script><br><br><noframes>CHAPTER 26.1-41AUTO ACCIDENT REPARATIONS26.1-41-01. Definitions. As used in this chapter:1."Accidental bodily injury" means bodily injury, sickness, or disease, including death<br>resulting therefrom, arising out of the operation of a motor vehicle, and excluding<br>injury as the result of an individual entering or alighting from a stopped motor vehicle<br>if the injury is not caused by another motor vehicle, and which is accidental as to the<br>person claiming basic or optional excess no-fault benefits.2."Basic no-fault benefits" means benefits for economic loss resulting from accidental<br>bodily injury.The maximum amount of basic no-fault benefits payable for alleconomic loss incurred and resulting from accidental bodily injury to any one person<br>as the result of any one accident may not exceed thirty thousand dollars, regardless<br>of the number of persons entitled to the benefits or the number of basic no-fault<br>insurers obligated to pay the benefits.Basic no-fault benefits payable may notexceed one hundred fifty dollars per week per person prorated for any lesser period<br>for work loss or survivors' income loss, or three thousand five hundred dollars for<br>funeral, cremation, and burial expenses.3."Basic no-fault insurer" means an insurer or a qualified self-insurer.4."Bus" means:a.Any motor vehicle owned by a public or governmental agency and operated for<br>the transportation of children to or from school or privately owned and operated<br>for compensation for the transportation of children to or from school.b.Any motorvehicle owned by a charitable, religious, educational, orgovernmental corporation or organization designed for carrying more than ten<br>passengers and used for the transportation of persons not for compensation.c.Any motor vehicle owned by a political subdivision and operated as part of a<br>public transit system in which all or a portion of the costs of operation are<br>subsidized by the political subdivision or the federal government.5."Dependent survivors" means the surviving spouse of a deceased injured person if<br>residing in the deceased's household at the time of the deceased's death, and other<br>persons receiving support from the deceased injured person at the time of the<br>deceased's death which would qualify them as dependents of the deceased for<br>federal income tax purposes under the federal Internal Revenue Code.Thedependency of a surviving spouse terminates upon remarriage.6."Disability" means the inability to engage in substantially all of the injured person's<br>usual and customary daily activities.7."Economic loss" means medical expenses, rehabilitation expenses, work loss,<br>replacement services loss, survivors' income loss, survivors' replacement services<br>loss, and funeral, cremation, and burial expenses.8."Injured person" means an individual who sustains accidental bodily injury.9."Medical expenses" means usual and customary charges incurred for reasonable<br>and necessary medical, surgical, diagnostic, x-ray, dental, prosthetic, ambulance,<br>hospital, or professional nursing services or services for remedial treatment and<br>care. Usual and customary charges do not include:Page No. 1a.The portion of the charge for a room in any hospital, clinic, convalescent or<br>nursing home, extended care facility, or any similar facility in excess of the<br>reasonable and customary charge for semiprivate accommodations unless<br>intensive care is medically needed.b.Charges for drugs sold without a prescription.c.Charges for experimental treatments.d.Charges for medically unproven treatments.10."Motor vehicle" means a vehicle having more than three load-bearing wheels, of a<br>kind required to be registered under the laws of this state relating to motor vehicles,<br>designed primarily for operation upon the public streets, roads, and highways, and<br>driven by power other than muscular power, and includes a trailer drawn by or<br>attached to such a vehicle.11."Noneconomic loss" means pain, suffering, inconvenience, and other nonpecuniary<br>damage recoverable under the tort law of this state.12."Occupying" means to be in or upon a motor vehicle.13."Operation of a motor vehicle" means operation, maintenance, or use of a motor<br>vehicle as a vehicle. Operation of a motor vehicle does not include conduct within<br>the course of a business of repairing, servicing, or otherwise maintaining a motor<br>vehicle unless the injury occurs off the business premises, or conduct in the course<br>of loading and unloading the vehicle unless the injury occurs while occupying the<br>motor vehicle.14."Owner" means the person in whose name the motor vehicle has been registered. If<br>ownership has been transferred, but the registration record has not been changed,<br>"owner" means the person, other than a lienholder, to whom ownership has been<br>transferred. If no registration is in effect at the time of an accident involving the<br>motor vehicle, "owner" means the person, other than a lienholder, who holds the<br>legal title to the motor vehicle.If the motor vehicle is the subject of a securityagreement with the debtor having the right to possession, a lease with an option to<br>purchase with the lessee having the right to possession, or a lease with a term of six<br>months or more with the lessee having the right to possession, "owner" means the<br>debtor or lessee.15."Pedestrian" means any individual not occupying any vehicle designed to be driven<br>or drawn by power other than muscular power.16."Rehabilitation expense" means the cost of a procedure or treatment for<br>rehabilitation or a course of rehabilitative occupational training if the procedure,<br>treatment, or training is reasonable and appropriate for the particular case, its cost is<br>reasonable in relation to its probable rehabilitative effects, and it is likely to contribute<br>substantially to medical or occupational rehabilitation.17."Relative" means any of the following residing in the same household as the owner:<br>an individual related to the owner by blood, marriage, or adoption, or a foster child.<br>An individual resides in the same household if that individual usually makes a home<br>in the same family unit, even though temporarily living elsewhere.18."Replacement services loss" means expenses not exceeding fifteen dollars per day<br>in obtaining ordinary and necessary services from others not members of the injured<br>person's household in lieu of those that the injured person would have performed<br>had the injured person not been injured, not for income but for the benefit of thePage No. 2injured person or the injured person's household. Replacement services loss does<br>not include any loss after the death of an injured person.19."Secured motor vehicle" means a motor vehicle with respect to which the security<br>required by this chapter was in effect at the time of its involvement in the accident<br>resulting in accidental bodily injury.20."Secured person" means the owner, operator, or occupant of a secured motor<br>vehicle, and any other person legally responsible for the acts or omissions of the<br>owner, operator, or occupant.21."Serious injury" means an accidental bodily injury which results in death,<br>dismemberment, serious and permanent disfigurement or disability beyond sixty<br>days, or medical expenses in excess of two thousand five hundred dollars.Aninjured person who is furnished the services in subsection 9 without charge or at less<br>than the usual and customary charge for the service in this state is deemed to have<br>sustained a serious injury if a court determines that the usual and customary value<br>of the services exceeds two thousand five hundred dollars.22."Survivors' income loss" means loss sustained after an injured person's death by<br>dependent survivors during their dependency and consisting of the loss of the<br>contributions they would have received for their support from the decedent out of<br>income from work the decedent would normally have performed had the decedent<br>not died.23."Survivors' replacement services loss" means expenses, not to exceed fifteen<br>dollars per day after the injured person's death, by dependent survivors in obtaining<br>ordinary and necessary services from others not members of the decedent's<br>household in lieu of the services the decedent would have performed not for income<br>but for the benefit of the decedent's household.24."Work loss" means eighty-five percent of loss of income from work an injured person<br>who would normally be employed in gainful activity during the period of disability<br>would have performed had the person not been injured, reduced by any income<br>from substitute work actually performed by the injured person or by income the<br>injured person would have earned in available appropriate substitute work that the<br>injured person was capable of performing but unreasonably failed to undertake.<br>Work loss does not include any loss after death of an injured person.26.1-41-02.Security requirements - Authority of director of the department oftransportation.1.The owner of a motor vehicle required to be registered in this state, or the owner of a<br>motor vehicle operated in this state by the owner or with the owner's permission,<br>shall continuously provide with respect to the motor vehicle during the period in<br>which operation is contemplated in this state security for payment of basic no-fault<br>benefits and the liabilities covered under the motor vehicle liability insurance.2.The security may be provided by an insurance policy complying with this chapter<br>issued by an insurer authorized to transact business in this state, or, by<br>self-insurance as approved by the commissioner.3.If the motor vehicle is registered in another state, the security may be provided by an<br>insurance policy issued by an insurer authorized to transact business in either this<br>state or the state in which the motor vehicle is registered, or, by self-insurance as<br>approved by the insurance department of the state in which the motor vehicle is<br>registered.Page No. 34.The owner of any motor vehicle who operates it or permits it to be operated in this<br>state when the owner knows or should know that the owner has failed to comply with<br>the requirement that the owner provide security under this chapter shall have the<br>motor vehicle registration revoked or suspended in accordance with procedures<br>established by the director of the department of transportation under the motor<br>vehicle law of this state until the owner provides the security required by this chapter.5.An owner of a motor vehicle with respect to which security is required who fails to<br>have the security in effect at the time of an accident is absolutely liable at law for<br>payment of basic no-fault benefits and has all the rights and obligations of a basic<br>no-fault insurer under this chapter. This remedy is in addition to any other remedy<br>that an injured person may have against the owner.6.An insurance policy which purports to provide coverage for basic no-fault benefits or<br>is sold with the representation that it fulfills the requirements of security as required<br>by this chapter is deemed to include all coverage required by this chapter.7.The director of the department of transportation may supervise the enforcement of<br>the compulsory security requirements of this chapter and may adopt the rules<br>necessary in respect to the maintenance of the requirements.26.1-41-03.Suspension of coverage - Request by owner.Upon notice from theowner of a secured motor vehicle stating that the secured motor vehicle will not be operated on<br>public roads or highways during a period of not less than thirty consecutive days, the basic<br>no-fault insurer of the vehicle shall suspend on a pro rata basis or shall offer a similar credit, to<br>the extent requested by the owner, insurance coverage afforded under the policy providing the<br>security for payment of basic no-fault benefits and the liabilities covered under the motor vehicle<br>liability insurance for the secured motor vehicle until notified by the owner that the coverage<br>should be reinstated. The owner may not be required to surrender the number plates during the<br>policy suspension period. During the period of suspension, subsections 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, and 7 of<br>section 26.1-41-02 do not apply with respect to the secured motor vehicle, but if the secured<br>motor vehicle is operated by or with the permission of the owner during the period of suspension,<br>subsections 1, 2, 4, 5, and 7 of section 26.1-41-02 become applicable. This section does not<br>apply to an owner of a secured motor vehicle for which proof of financial responsibility is required<br>under the financial responsibility laws of this state.26.1-41-04.Optional excess no-fault benefits.Each basic no-fault insurer of theowner of a secured motor vehicle shall also make available optional excess no-fault benefits for<br>excess economic loss commencing upon the exhaustion of basic no-fault benefits, up to a total of<br>eighty thousand dollars in no-fault benefits for accidental bodily injury to any one person in any<br>one accident, including an accident when the person who purchased the optional excess no-fault<br>benefits or that person's relative is injured in a motor vehicle not owned by the insured or as a<br>pedestrian. A basic no-fault insurer may also offer benefits and limits other than those prescribed<br>in this section, and a basic no-fault insurer may incorporate in optional excess no-fault coverage<br>the terms, conditions, and exclusions as may be consistent with the premiums charged. The<br>amounts payable under optional excess no-fault benefits may be duplicative of benefits received<br>from any collateral sources or may be written in excess of such collateral source benefits, or may<br>provide for reasonable waiting period, deductibles, or coinsurance provisions.The optionalexcess no-fault benefits of a basic no-fault insurer may provide for subrogation to the injured<br>person's right of recovery against any responsible third party.26.1-41-05. Self-insurance - Liability policies - Authority of commissioner.1.Self-insurance used as security required by this chapter may be provided by filing in<br>satisfactory form all of the following:a.A continuing undertaking by the owner or other appropriate person to pay basic<br>no-fault benefits and the liabilities covered by motor vehicle liability insurance<br>and to perform all other obligations imposed by this chapter.Page No. 4b.Evidence that appropriate provision exists for the prompt and efficient<br>administration of all claims, benefits, and obligations provided by this chapter.c.Evidence that reliable financial arrangements, deposits, or commitments exist<br>providing assurance for payment of basic no-fault benefits and the liabilities<br>covered by motor vehicle liability insurance and all other obligations imposed by<br>this chapter substantially equivalent to those afforded by an insurance policy<br>that would comply with this chapter.2.Every insurer authorized to transact the business of motor vehicle liability insurance<br>in this state shall file with the commissioner as a condition of its continued<br>transaction of business in this state a form declaring that its motor vehicle liability<br>policies wherever issued are deemed to provide the security required by this chapter<br>when the motor vehicle is operated in this state. Any nonadmitted insurer may file<br>this form.3.The commissioner may adopt necessary rules not inconsistent with this chapter.<br>The commissioner may provide schedules of reasonable maximum benefits<br>payments for specified medical services and rehabilitation expenses which basic<br>no-fault insurers may incorporate into their policies of basic or optional excess<br>coverages afforded pursuant to this chapter.26.1-41-06. Persons entitled to basic no-fault benefits. Each basic no-fault insurer ofa secured motor vehicle shall pay basic no-fault benefits without regard to fault for economic loss<br>resulting from:1.Accidental bodily injury sustained in the United States or its possessions or in<br>Canada by the owner of the motor vehicle or any relative of the owner:a.While occupying any motor vehicle; orb.While a pedestrian as the result of being struck by a motor vehicle or<br>motorcycle.2.Accidental bodily injury sustained by any other person while occupying the secured<br>motor vehicle if the accident occurs in the United States or its possessions or in<br>Canada.3.Accidental bodily injury sustained by any pedestrian in this state as a result of being<br>struck by the secured motor vehicle.26.1-41-07. Persons not entitled to benefits. Basic or optional excess no-fault benefitsare not payable to or on behalf of any person who is injured while:1.Occupying any motor vehicle without the expressed or implied consent of the owner<br>or while not in lawful possession of the motor vehicle.2.Occupying a motor vehicle owned by such person which is not insured for the<br>benefits required by this chapter unless uninsured solely because the insurance<br>company of the owner has not filed a form pursuant to subsection 2 of section<br>26.1-41-05 to provide the basic no-fault benefits required by this chapter.3.During a racing or speed contest, or in practicing or preparing for a racing or speed<br>contest.4.Intentionally causing or attempting to cause injury to oneself or another person.26.1-41-08. Secured person exemption.Page No. 51.In any action against a secured person to recover damages because of accidental<br>bodily injury arising out of the ownership or operation of a secured motor vehicle in<br>this state, the secured person is exempt from liability to pay damages for:a.Noneconomic loss unless the injury is a serious injury.b.Economic loss to the extent of all basic no-fault benefits paid or to become<br>payable for such injury under this chapter after subtracting the same elements<br>of loss recoverable under any workforce safety and insurance law.2.The exemption under subsection 1 does not apply unless the person who has<br>sustained accidental bodily injury is a person who may qualify for basic no-fault<br>benefits pursuant to section 26.1-41-06 and who is not excluded under section<br>26.1-41-07.26.1-41-09. Payment of basic and optional excess no-fault benefits.1.Basic and optional excess no-fault benefits are payable monthly for economic loss<br>sustained by an injured person or dependent survivors or incurred on the injured<br>person's behalf by the injured person's spouse, relatives, or guardian.A basicno-fault insurer may pay basic or optional excess no-fault benefits when due to the<br>above persons who it believes have sustained or incurred the economic loss or at its<br>option to the person rendering, for a charge, the services for which the benefits are<br>payable. If the injured person dies, a basic no-fault insurer may pay the benefits due<br>directly to those entitled to the benefits without the appointment of a personal<br>representative and unless a court directs otherwise, may pay all benefits for<br>survivors' income loss or replacement services loss to the surviving spouse for the<br>use and benefit of all dependent survivors.A basic no-fault insurer's paymentsmade in good faith in accordance with this chapter discharges its liability to the<br>extent of the payments unless the basic no-fault insurer has been notified in writing<br>of the claim of some other person prior to the making of any of the payments.2.Basic and optional excess no-fault benefits are overdue if not paid within thirty days<br>after the basic no-fault insurer receives reasonable proof of the fact and the amount<br>of loss sustained, except that the basic no-fault insurer may accumulate claims for<br>periods not exceeding one month, and the benefits are not overdue if paid within<br>twenty days after the period of accumulation. If reasonable proof is not supplied as<br>to the entire claim, the amount supported by reasonable proof is overdue if not paid<br>within thirty days after the proof is received by the basic no-fault insurer. Any part or<br>all of the remainder of the claim that is later supported by reasonable proof is<br>overdue if not paid within thirty days after proof is received by the basic no-fault<br>insurer. Payment is deemed made on the date of mailing. All overdue payments<br>must bear interest at the judgment rate allowed in section 28-20-34.3.Neither the injured person nor a basic no-fault insurer is required to pay for services<br>billed more than one hundred eighty days after the date of treatment.26.1-41-10.Assignment of nonmedical benefits unenforceable - Exemption ofbenefits from process.An agreement for assignment of any right to nonmedical benefitspayable in the future is unenforceable. Basic no-fault benefits are exempt from garnishment,<br>attachment, execution, and any other process or claim to the extent that wages or earnings are<br>exempt under any applicable law exempting wages or earnings from process or claims.26.1-41-11. Mental and physical examinations.1.Whenever the mental or physical condition of an individual is material to any claim<br>that has been or may be made for past or future basic or optional excess no-fault<br>benefits, the individual shall submit to mental or physical examination by a physician<br>designated by the basic no-fault insurer at a reasonably convenient location. BasicPage No. 6no-fault insurers are authorized to include reasonable provisions of this nature in<br>policies providing basic or excess no-fault benefits.2.If an individual refuses to submit to a mental or physical examination, a court at the<br>request of the insurer may enter an order requiring the individual to submit to the<br>examination. If the court finds that the individual failed to appear for the examination<br>without good cause, the court shall order the insured to reimburse the insurer for any<br>reasonably demonstrable cancellation charges for the examination.26.1-41-12. Discovery of facts about an injured person.1.Every employer or claimant, if a written request is made by a basic no-fault insurer<br>against whom a claim has been made, shall furnish forthwith, in a form approved by<br>the insurance commissioner, a sworn statement of the earnings, since the time of<br>the accidental bodily injury and for a twelve-month period before the injury, of the<br>individual upon whose injury the claim is based.2.Every physician, coroner or medical officer, hospital, clinic, or other medical<br>institution providing, before or after an accidental bodily injury upon which a claim for<br>basic or optional excess no-fault benefits is based, any products, services, or<br>accommodations in relation to the injury, or in relation to a condition claimed to be<br>connected with the injury, if requested in writing to do so by the basic no-fault insurer<br>against whom the claim has been made, shall:a.Promptly furnish a written report of the history, condition, treatment, and dates<br>and costs of treatment.b.Permit the inspection and copying of its records regarding the history, condition,<br>treatment, and dates and costs of treatment.c.Promptly furnish autopsy reports.3.In the event of any dispute regarding a basic no-fault insurer's right to discovery of<br>facts about an injured person's earnings or about history, condition, treatment, and<br>dates and costs of such treatment, a court of record may enter an order for such<br>discovery as justice requires.4.A person may not charge more than twenty dollars for the first twenty-five pages and<br>seventy-five cents per page for every page beyond twenty-five pages for providing a<br>copy of medical records provided to a basic no-fault insurer pursuant to this chapter.<br>This charge includes any administrative fee, retrieval fee, and postage expense.26.1-41-13. Priority of applicable security - Coordination of benefits.1.A basic no-fault insurer has the primary obligation to make payment for economic<br>loss because of accidental bodily injury arising out of the operation of a motor<br>vehicle; provided, that the amount of all benefits a claimant recovered or is entitled<br>to recover for the same elements of loss under any workforce safety and insurance<br>law must be subtracted from the basic no-fault benefits otherwise payable for the<br>injury.2.As between applicable security basic no-fault benefits are payable as follows:a.As to any person injured while occupying a secured motor vehicle, or injured as<br>a pedestrian by a secured motor vehicle, the basic no-fault insurer of the<br>secured motor vehicle shall pay the benefits.b.As to any person who is injured while occupying an unsecured motor vehicle, or<br>while being struck as a pedestrian by an unsecured motor vehicle, the basicPage No. 7no-fault insurer affording the benefits to the injured person shall pay the<br>benefits.c.As to any person injured while occupying a bus that is a secured motor vehicle,<br>the basic no-fault insurer affording benefits to the injured person as the owner<br>of a secured motor vehicle or as a relative of the owner of a secured motor<br>vehicle shall pay the benefits; and, if there is no basic no-fault insurer affording<br>benefits to the injured person, then the basic no-fault insurer of the bus shall<br>pay the benefits.d.As to any person injured while occupying a secured motor vehicle that is<br>transporting persons under a ridesharing arrangement, as defined in section<br>8-02-07, the basic no-fault insurer affording benefits to the injured person as the<br>owner of a secured motor vehicle or as a relative of the owner of a secured<br>motor vehicle shall pay the benefits; and, if there is no basic no-fault insurer<br>affording benefits to the injured person, then the basic no-fault insurer of the<br>secured motor vehicle shall pay the benefits.3.An insurer, health maintenance organization, or nonprofit health service corporation,<br>other than a basic no-fault insurer, authorized to do business in this state may<br>coordinate any benefits it is obligated to pay for economic loss incurred as a result of<br>accidental bodily injury, with the first ten thousand dollars of basic no-fault benefits.<br>A basic no-fault insurer authorized to do business in this state may coordinate any<br>benefits it is obligated to pay for medical expenses incurred as a result of accidental<br>bodily injury in excess of ten thousand dollars.An insurer, health maintenanceorganization, or nonprofit health service corporation, other than a basic no-fault<br>insurer, may not coordinate benefits unless it provides those persons who purchase<br>benefits from it with an equitable reduction or savings in the direct or indirect cost of<br>purchased benefits. The commissioner shall approve any coordination of benefits<br>plan.26.1-41-14. Stacking of basic no-fault benefits prohibited. When an injured person isprovided basic no-fault benefits by an insurance policy issued in compliance with this chapter, the<br>injured person is covered only to the extent of the basic no-fault benefits provided on the secured<br>motor vehicle involved in the accident and the optional excess no-fault benefits purchased by the<br>injured person, or a relative of the injured person, on a secured motor vehicle, if any, in excess of<br>the basic no-fault benefits provided on the secured motor vehicle involved in the accident. If any<br>person is injured while occupying an unsecured motor vehicle, basic no-fault benefits are only<br>available to the extent of the applicable basic no-fault benefits provided to the injured person as<br>the owner of a secured motor vehicle or as a relative of the owner of a secured motor vehicle. In<br>either instance, basic no-fault benefits on any secured motor vehicle may not be added or<br>stacked upon basic no-fault benefits available from any other source.26.1-41-15. Motor vehicle liability insurance - Extraterritorial provision.1.Motor vehicle liability insurance applies to the amounts which the owner is legally<br>obligated to pay as damages because of accidental bodily injury and accidental<br>property damage arising out of the ownership or operation of a motor vehicle, if the<br>accident occurs in the United States or its possessions or in Canada. Motor vehicle<br>liability insurance must afford limits of liability not less than those required under the<br>financial responsibility laws of this state. Customary terms and conditions applicable<br>to motor vehicle liability insurance apply.2.If the accident occurs outside this state but in the United States or its possessions or<br>in Canada:a.If the limits of liability of the financial responsibility or compulsory insurance<br>laws of the applicable jurisdiction exceed the limits of liability of the financial<br>responsibility laws of North Dakota, the motor vehicle liability insurance isPage No. 8deemed to comply with the limits of liability of the laws of the applicable<br>jurisdiction.b.If the limits of no-fault benefits of the applicable jurisdiction exceed the limits<br>provided under this chapter for no-fault benefits, the no-fault benefits are<br>deemed to comply with the limits of the benefits of the laws of the applicable<br>jurisdiction.26.1-41-16. Insurer's right of subrogation. A basic no-fault insurer which has paid ormay become obligated to pay basic no-fault benefits under this chapter is subrogated to the<br>extent of its obligations to all of the rights of the injured person against any person other than a<br>secured person. The subrogee has a lien to the extent of its obligations, and no release of rights<br>is effective against the rights without the subrogee's consent.26.1-41-17. Equitable allocation of losses among insurers. 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<h2>State Codes and Statutes</h2>
<a href='https://statutes.laws.com/'>Statutes</a> > <a href='https://statutes.laws.com/north-dakota'>North-dakota</a> > <a href='https://statutes.laws.com/north-dakota/t261'>T261</a> > <a href='https://statutes.laws.com/north-dakota/t261/t261c41'>T261c41</a><br><br><a href="https://law.justia.com/codes/north-dakota/2009/t261/pdf/t261c41.pdf">Download pdf</a><br><div id="embed_document" style="width:625px; height:815px; text-align:center;">Loading PDF...</div><script type="text/javascript"> var pdf_url = 'https://law.justia.com/codes/north-dakota/2009/t261/pdf/t261c41.pdf'; $(document).ready(function() { var embedwindow = $("#embed_document"); if ($.browser.msie){ embedwindow.html('<embed src="'+pdf_url+'" width="100%" height="100%"></embed>'); } else { embedwindow.html('<iframe style="width:100%; height:100%;" src="https://docs.google.com/gview?url='+window.escape(pdf_url)+'&embedded=true" frameborder="0"></iframe>'); } });</script><br><br><noframes>CHAPTER 26.1-41AUTO ACCIDENT REPARATIONS26.1-41-01. Definitions. As used in this chapter:1."Accidental bodily injury" means bodily injury, sickness, or disease, including death<br>resulting therefrom, arising out of the operation of a motor vehicle, and excluding<br>injury as the result of an individual entering or alighting from a stopped motor vehicle<br>if the injury is not caused by another motor vehicle, and which is accidental as to the<br>person claiming basic or optional excess no-fault benefits.2."Basic no-fault benefits" means benefits for economic loss resulting from accidental<br>bodily injury.The maximum amount of basic no-fault benefits payable for alleconomic loss incurred and resulting from accidental bodily injury to any one person<br>as the result of any one accident may not exceed thirty thousand dollars, regardless<br>of the number of persons entitled to the benefits or the number of basic no-fault<br>insurers obligated to pay the benefits.Basic no-fault benefits payable may notexceed one hundred fifty dollars per week per person prorated for any lesser period<br>for work loss or survivors' income loss, or three thousand five hundred dollars for<br>funeral, cremation, and burial expenses.3."Basic no-fault insurer" means an insurer or a qualified self-insurer.4."Bus" means:a.Any motor vehicle owned by a public or governmental agency and operated for<br>the transportation of children to or from school or privately owned and operated<br>for compensation for the transportation of children to or from school.b.Any motorvehicle owned by a charitable, religious, educational, orgovernmental corporation or organization designed for carrying more than ten<br>passengers and used for the transportation of persons not for compensation.c.Any motor vehicle owned by a political subdivision and operated as part of a<br>public transit system in which all or a portion of the costs of operation are<br>subsidized by the political subdivision or the federal government.5."Dependent survivors" means the surviving spouse of a deceased injured person if<br>residing in the deceased's household at the time of the deceased's death, and other<br>persons receiving support from the deceased injured person at the time of the<br>deceased's death which would qualify them as dependents of the deceased for<br>federal income tax purposes under the federal Internal Revenue Code.Thedependency of a surviving spouse terminates upon remarriage.6."Disability" means the inability to engage in substantially all of the injured person's<br>usual and customary daily activities.7."Economic loss" means medical expenses, rehabilitation expenses, work loss,<br>replacement services loss, survivors' income loss, survivors' replacement services<br>loss, and funeral, cremation, and burial expenses.8."Injured person" means an individual who sustains accidental bodily injury.9."Medical expenses" means usual and customary charges incurred for reasonable<br>and necessary medical, surgical, diagnostic, x-ray, dental, prosthetic, ambulance,<br>hospital, or professional nursing services or services for remedial treatment and<br>care. Usual and customary charges do not include:Page No. 1a.The portion of the charge for a room in any hospital, clinic, convalescent or<br>nursing home, extended care facility, or any similar facility in excess of the<br>reasonable and customary charge for semiprivate accommodations unless<br>intensive care is medically needed.b.Charges for drugs sold without a prescription.c.Charges for experimental treatments.d.Charges for medically unproven treatments.10."Motor vehicle" means a vehicle having more than three load-bearing wheels, of a<br>kind required to be registered under the laws of this state relating to motor vehicles,<br>designed primarily for operation upon the public streets, roads, and highways, and<br>driven by power other than muscular power, and includes a trailer drawn by or<br>attached to such a vehicle.11."Noneconomic loss" means pain, suffering, inconvenience, and other nonpecuniary<br>damage recoverable under the tort law of this state.12."Occupying" means to be in or upon a motor vehicle.13."Operation of a motor vehicle" means operation, maintenance, or use of a motor<br>vehicle as a vehicle. Operation of a motor vehicle does not include conduct within<br>the course of a business of repairing, servicing, or otherwise maintaining a motor<br>vehicle unless the injury occurs off the business premises, or conduct in the course<br>of loading and unloading the vehicle unless the injury occurs while occupying the<br>motor vehicle.14."Owner" means the person in whose name the motor vehicle has been registered. If<br>ownership has been transferred, but the registration record has not been changed,<br>"owner" means the person, other than a lienholder, to whom ownership has been<br>transferred. If no registration is in effect at the time of an accident involving the<br>motor vehicle, "owner" means the person, other than a lienholder, who holds the<br>legal title to the motor vehicle.If the motor vehicle is the subject of a securityagreement with the debtor having the right to possession, a lease with an option to<br>purchase with the lessee having the right to possession, or a lease with a term of six<br>months or more with the lessee having the right to possession, "owner" means the<br>debtor or lessee.15."Pedestrian" means any individual not occupying any vehicle designed to be driven<br>or drawn by power other than muscular power.16."Rehabilitation expense" means the cost of a procedure or treatment for<br>rehabilitation or a course of rehabilitative occupational training if the procedure,<br>treatment, or training is reasonable and appropriate for the particular case, its cost is<br>reasonable in relation to its probable rehabilitative effects, and it is likely to contribute<br>substantially to medical or occupational rehabilitation.17."Relative" means any of the following residing in the same household as the owner:<br>an individual related to the owner by blood, marriage, or adoption, or a foster child.<br>An individual resides in the same household if that individual usually makes a home<br>in the same family unit, even though temporarily living elsewhere.18."Replacement services loss" means expenses not exceeding fifteen dollars per day<br>in obtaining ordinary and necessary services from others not members of the injured<br>person's household in lieu of those that the injured person would have performed<br>had the injured person not been injured, not for income but for the benefit of thePage No. 2injured person or the injured person's household. Replacement services loss does<br>not include any loss after the death of an injured person.19."Secured motor vehicle" means a motor vehicle with respect to which the security<br>required by this chapter was in effect at the time of its involvement in the accident<br>resulting in accidental bodily injury.20."Secured person" means the owner, operator, or occupant of a secured motor<br>vehicle, and any other person legally responsible for the acts or omissions of the<br>owner, operator, or occupant.21."Serious injury" means an accidental bodily injury which results in death,<br>dismemberment, serious and permanent disfigurement or disability beyond sixty<br>days, or medical expenses in excess of two thousand five hundred dollars.Aninjured person who is furnished the services in subsection 9 without charge or at less<br>than the usual and customary charge for the service in this state is deemed to have<br>sustained a serious injury if a court determines that the usual and customary value<br>of the services exceeds two thousand five hundred dollars.22."Survivors' income loss" means loss sustained after an injured person's death by<br>dependent survivors during their dependency and consisting of the loss of the<br>contributions they would have received for their support from the decedent out of<br>income from work the decedent would normally have performed had the decedent<br>not died.23."Survivors' replacement services loss" means expenses, not to exceed fifteen<br>dollars per day after the injured person's death, by dependent survivors in obtaining<br>ordinary and necessary services from others not members of the decedent's<br>household in lieu of the services the decedent would have performed not for income<br>but for the benefit of the decedent's household.24."Work loss" means eighty-five percent of loss of income from work an injured person<br>who would normally be employed in gainful activity during the period of disability<br>would have performed had the person not been injured, reduced by any income<br>from substitute work actually performed by the injured person or by income the<br>injured person would have earned in available appropriate substitute work that the<br>injured person was capable of performing but unreasonably failed to undertake.<br>Work loss does not include any loss after death of an injured person.26.1-41-02.Security requirements - Authority of director of the department oftransportation.1.The owner of a motor vehicle required to be registered in this state, or the owner of a<br>motor vehicle operated in this state by the owner or with the owner's permission,<br>shall continuously provide with respect to the motor vehicle during the period in<br>which operation is contemplated in this state security for payment of basic no-fault<br>benefits and the liabilities covered under the motor vehicle liability insurance.2.The security may be provided by an insurance policy complying with this chapter<br>issued by an insurer authorized to transact business in this state, or, by<br>self-insurance as approved by the commissioner.3.If the motor vehicle is registered in another state, the security may be provided by an<br>insurance policy issued by an insurer authorized to transact business in either this<br>state or the state in which the motor vehicle is registered, or, by self-insurance as<br>approved by the insurance department of the state in which the motor vehicle is<br>registered.Page No. 34.The owner of any motor vehicle who operates it or permits it to be operated in this<br>state when the owner knows or should know that the owner has failed to comply with<br>the requirement that the owner provide security under this chapter shall have the<br>motor vehicle registration revoked or suspended in accordance with procedures<br>established by the director of the department of transportation under the motor<br>vehicle law of this state until the owner provides the security required by this chapter.5.An owner of a motor vehicle with respect to which security is required who fails to<br>have the security in effect at the time of an accident is absolutely liable at law for<br>payment of basic no-fault benefits and has all the rights and obligations of a basic<br>no-fault insurer under this chapter. This remedy is in addition to any other remedy<br>that an injured person may have against the owner.6.An insurance policy which purports to provide coverage for basic no-fault benefits or<br>is sold with the representation that it fulfills the requirements of security as required<br>by this chapter is deemed to include all coverage required by this chapter.7.The director of the department of transportation may supervise the enforcement of<br>the compulsory security requirements of this chapter and may adopt the rules<br>necessary in respect to the maintenance of the requirements.26.1-41-03.Suspension of coverage - Request by owner.Upon notice from theowner of a secured motor vehicle stating that the secured motor vehicle will not be operated on<br>public roads or highways during a period of not less than thirty consecutive days, the basic<br>no-fault insurer of the vehicle shall suspend on a pro rata basis or shall offer a similar credit, to<br>the extent requested by the owner, insurance coverage afforded under the policy providing the<br>security for payment of basic no-fault benefits and the liabilities covered under the motor vehicle<br>liability insurance for the secured motor vehicle until notified by the owner that the coverage<br>should be reinstated. The owner may not be required to surrender the number plates during the<br>policy suspension period. During the period of suspension, subsections 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, and 7 of<br>section 26.1-41-02 do not apply with respect to the secured motor vehicle, but if the secured<br>motor vehicle is operated by or with the permission of the owner during the period of suspension,<br>subsections 1, 2, 4, 5, and 7 of section 26.1-41-02 become applicable. This section does not<br>apply to an owner of a secured motor vehicle for which proof of financial responsibility is required<br>under the financial responsibility laws of this state.26.1-41-04.Optional excess no-fault benefits.Each basic no-fault insurer of theowner of a secured motor vehicle shall also make available optional excess no-fault benefits for<br>excess economic loss commencing upon the exhaustion of basic no-fault benefits, up to a total of<br>eighty thousand dollars in no-fault benefits for accidental bodily injury to any one person in any<br>one accident, including an accident when the person who purchased the optional excess no-fault<br>benefits or that person's relative is injured in a motor vehicle not owned by the insured or as a<br>pedestrian. A basic no-fault insurer may also offer benefits and limits other than those prescribed<br>in this section, and a basic no-fault insurer may incorporate in optional excess no-fault coverage<br>the terms, conditions, and exclusions as may be consistent with the premiums charged. The<br>amounts payable under optional excess no-fault benefits may be duplicative of benefits received<br>from any collateral sources or may be written in excess of such collateral source benefits, or may<br>provide for reasonable waiting period, deductibles, or coinsurance provisions.The optionalexcess no-fault benefits of a basic no-fault insurer may provide for subrogation to the injured<br>person's right of recovery against any responsible third party.26.1-41-05. Self-insurance - Liability policies - Authority of commissioner.1.Self-insurance used as security required by this chapter may be provided by filing in<br>satisfactory form all of the following:a.A continuing undertaking by the owner or other appropriate person to pay basic<br>no-fault benefits and the liabilities covered by motor vehicle liability insurance<br>and to perform all other obligations imposed by this chapter.Page No. 4b.Evidence that appropriate provision exists for the prompt and efficient<br>administration of all claims, benefits, and obligations provided by this chapter.c.Evidence that reliable financial arrangements, deposits, or commitments exist<br>providing assurance for payment of basic no-fault benefits and the liabilities<br>covered by motor vehicle liability insurance and all other obligations imposed by<br>this chapter substantially equivalent to those afforded by an insurance policy<br>that would comply with this chapter.2.Every insurer authorized to transact the business of motor vehicle liability insurance<br>in this state shall file with the commissioner as a condition of its continued<br>transaction of business in this state a form declaring that its motor vehicle liability<br>policies wherever issued are deemed to provide the security required by this chapter<br>when the motor vehicle is operated in this state. Any nonadmitted insurer may file<br>this form.3.The commissioner may adopt necessary rules not inconsistent with this chapter.<br>The commissioner may provide schedules of reasonable maximum benefits<br>payments for specified medical services and rehabilitation expenses which basic<br>no-fault insurers may incorporate into their policies of basic or optional excess<br>coverages afforded pursuant to this chapter.26.1-41-06. Persons entitled to basic no-fault benefits. Each basic no-fault insurer ofa secured motor vehicle shall pay basic no-fault benefits without regard to fault for economic loss<br>resulting from:1.Accidental bodily injury sustained in the United States or its possessions or in<br>Canada by the owner of the motor vehicle or any relative of the owner:a.While occupying any motor vehicle; orb.While a pedestrian as the result of being struck by a motor vehicle or<br>motorcycle.2.Accidental bodily injury sustained by any other person while occupying the secured<br>motor vehicle if the accident occurs in the United States or its possessions or in<br>Canada.3.Accidental bodily injury sustained by any pedestrian in this state as a result of being<br>struck by the secured motor vehicle.26.1-41-07. Persons not entitled to benefits. Basic or optional excess no-fault benefitsare not payable to or on behalf of any person who is injured while:1.Occupying any motor vehicle without the expressed or implied consent of the owner<br>or while not in lawful possession of the motor vehicle.2.Occupying a motor vehicle owned by such person which is not insured for the<br>benefits required by this chapter unless uninsured solely because the insurance<br>company of the owner has not filed a form pursuant to subsection 2 of section<br>26.1-41-05 to provide the basic no-fault benefits required by this chapter.3.During a racing or speed contest, or in practicing or preparing for a racing or speed<br>contest.4.Intentionally causing or attempting to cause injury to oneself or another person.26.1-41-08. Secured person exemption.Page No. 51.In any action against a secured person to recover damages because of accidental<br>bodily injury arising out of the ownership or operation of a secured motor vehicle in<br>this state, the secured person is exempt from liability to pay damages for:a.Noneconomic loss unless the injury is a serious injury.b.Economic loss to the extent of all basic no-fault benefits paid or to become<br>payable for such injury under this chapter after subtracting the same elements<br>of loss recoverable under any workforce safety and insurance law.2.The exemption under subsection 1 does not apply unless the person who has<br>sustained accidental bodily injury is a person who may qualify for basic no-fault<br>benefits pursuant to section 26.1-41-06 and who is not excluded under section<br>26.1-41-07.26.1-41-09. Payment of basic and optional excess no-fault benefits.1.Basic and optional excess no-fault benefits are payable monthly for economic loss<br>sustained by an injured person or dependent survivors or incurred on the injured<br>person's behalf by the injured person's spouse, relatives, or guardian.A basicno-fault insurer may pay basic or optional excess no-fault benefits when due to the<br>above persons who it believes have sustained or incurred the economic loss or at its<br>option to the person rendering, for a charge, the services for which the benefits are<br>payable. If the injured person dies, a basic no-fault insurer may pay the benefits due<br>directly to those entitled to the benefits without the appointment of a personal<br>representative and unless a court directs otherwise, may pay all benefits for<br>survivors' income loss or replacement services loss to the surviving spouse for the<br>use and benefit of all dependent survivors.A basic no-fault insurer's paymentsmade in good faith in accordance with this chapter discharges its liability to the<br>extent of the payments unless the basic no-fault insurer has been notified in writing<br>of the claim of some other person prior to the making of any of the payments.2.Basic and optional excess no-fault benefits are overdue if not paid within thirty days<br>after the basic no-fault insurer receives reasonable proof of the fact and the amount<br>of loss sustained, except that the basic no-fault insurer may accumulate claims for<br>periods not exceeding one month, and the benefits are not overdue if paid within<br>twenty days after the period of accumulation. If reasonable proof is not supplied as<br>to the entire claim, the amount supported by reasonable proof is overdue if not paid<br>within thirty days after the proof is received by the basic no-fault insurer. Any part or<br>all of the remainder of the claim that is later supported by reasonable proof is<br>overdue if not paid within thirty days after proof is received by the basic no-fault<br>insurer. Payment is deemed made on the date of mailing. All overdue payments<br>must bear interest at the judgment rate allowed in section 28-20-34.3.Neither the injured person nor a basic no-fault insurer is required to pay for services<br>billed more than one hundred eighty days after the date of treatment.26.1-41-10.Assignment of nonmedical benefits unenforceable - Exemption ofbenefits from process.An agreement for assignment of any right to nonmedical benefitspayable in the future is unenforceable. Basic no-fault benefits are exempt from garnishment,<br>attachment, execution, and any other process or claim to the extent that wages or earnings are<br>exempt under any applicable law exempting wages or earnings from process or claims.26.1-41-11. Mental and physical examinations.1.Whenever the mental or physical condition of an individual is material to any claim<br>that has been or may be made for past or future basic or optional excess no-fault<br>benefits, the individual shall submit to mental or physical examination by a physician<br>designated by the basic no-fault insurer at a reasonably convenient location. BasicPage No. 6no-fault insurers are authorized to include reasonable provisions of this nature in<br>policies providing basic or excess no-fault benefits.2.If an individual refuses to submit to a mental or physical examination, a court at the<br>request of the insurer may enter an order requiring the individual to submit to the<br>examination. If the court finds that the individual failed to appear for the examination<br>without good cause, the court shall order the insured to reimburse the insurer for any<br>reasonably demonstrable cancellation charges for the examination.26.1-41-12. Discovery of facts about an injured person.1.Every employer or claimant, if a written request is made by a basic no-fault insurer<br>against whom a claim has been made, shall furnish forthwith, in a form approved by<br>the insurance commissioner, a sworn statement of the earnings, since the time of<br>the accidental bodily injury and for a twelve-month period before the injury, of the<br>individual upon whose injury the claim is based.2.Every physician, coroner or medical officer, hospital, clinic, or other medical<br>institution providing, before or after an accidental bodily injury upon which a claim for<br>basic or optional excess no-fault benefits is based, any products, services, or<br>accommodations in relation to the injury, or in relation to a condition claimed to be<br>connected with the injury, if requested in writing to do so by the basic no-fault insurer<br>against whom the claim has been made, shall:a.Promptly furnish a written report of the history, condition, treatment, and dates<br>and costs of treatment.b.Permit the inspection and copying of its records regarding the history, condition,<br>treatment, and dates and costs of treatment.c.Promptly furnish autopsy reports.3.In the event of any dispute regarding a basic no-fault insurer's right to discovery of<br>facts about an injured person's earnings or about history, condition, treatment, and<br>dates and costs of such treatment, a court of record may enter an order for such<br>discovery as justice requires.4.A person may not charge more than twenty dollars for the first twenty-five pages and<br>seventy-five cents per page for every page beyond twenty-five pages for providing a<br>copy of medical records provided to a basic no-fault insurer pursuant to this chapter.<br>This charge includes any administrative fee, retrieval fee, and postage expense.26.1-41-13. Priority of applicable security - Coordination of benefits.1.A basic no-fault insurer has the primary obligation to make payment for economic<br>loss because of accidental bodily injury arising out of the operation of a motor<br>vehicle; provided, that the amount of all benefits a claimant recovered or is entitled<br>to recover for the same elements of loss under any workforce safety and insurance<br>law must be subtracted from the basic no-fault benefits otherwise payable for the<br>injury.2.As between applicable security basic no-fault benefits are payable as follows:a.As to any person injured while occupying a secured motor vehicle, or injured as<br>a pedestrian by a secured motor vehicle, the basic no-fault insurer of the<br>secured motor vehicle shall pay the benefits.b.As to any person who is injured while occupying an unsecured motor vehicle, or<br>while being struck as a pedestrian by an unsecured motor vehicle, the basicPage No. 7no-fault insurer affording the benefits to the injured person shall pay the<br>benefits.c.As to any person injured while occupying a bus that is a secured motor vehicle,<br>the basic no-fault insurer affording benefits to the injured person as the owner<br>of a secured motor vehicle or as a relative of the owner of a secured motor<br>vehicle shall pay the benefits; and, if there is no basic no-fault insurer affording<br>benefits to the injured person, then the basic no-fault insurer of the bus shall<br>pay the benefits.d.As to any person injured while occupying a secured motor vehicle that is<br>transporting persons under a ridesharing arrangement, as defined in section<br>8-02-07, the basic no-fault insurer affording benefits to the injured person as the<br>owner of a secured motor vehicle or as a relative of the owner of a secured<br>motor vehicle shall pay the benefits; and, if there is no basic no-fault insurer<br>affording benefits to the injured person, then the basic no-fault insurer of the<br>secured motor vehicle shall pay the benefits.3.An insurer, health maintenance organization, or nonprofit health service corporation,<br>other than a basic no-fault insurer, authorized to do business in this state may<br>coordinate any benefits it is obligated to pay for economic loss incurred as a result of<br>accidental bodily injury, with the first ten thousand dollars of basic no-fault benefits.<br>A basic no-fault insurer authorized to do business in this state may coordinate any<br>benefits it is obligated to pay for medical expenses incurred as a result of accidental<br>bodily injury in excess of ten thousand dollars.An insurer, health maintenanceorganization, or nonprofit health service corporation, other than a basic no-fault<br>insurer, may not coordinate benefits unless it provides those persons who purchase<br>benefits from it with an equitable reduction or savings in the direct or indirect cost of<br>purchased benefits. The commissioner shall approve any coordination of benefits<br>plan.26.1-41-14. Stacking of basic no-fault benefits prohibited. When an injured person isprovided basic no-fault benefits by an insurance policy issued in compliance with this chapter, the<br>injured person is covered only to the extent of the basic no-fault benefits provided on the secured<br>motor vehicle involved in the accident and the optional excess no-fault benefits purchased by the<br>injured person, or a relative of the injured person, on a secured motor vehicle, if any, in excess of<br>the basic no-fault benefits provided on the secured motor vehicle involved in the accident. If any<br>person is injured while occupying an unsecured motor vehicle, basic no-fault benefits are only<br>available to the extent of the applicable basic no-fault benefits provided to the injured person as<br>the owner of a secured motor vehicle or as a relative of the owner of a secured motor vehicle. In<br>either instance, basic no-fault benefits on any secured motor vehicle may not be added or<br>stacked upon basic no-fault benefits available from any other source.26.1-41-15. Motor vehicle liability insurance - Extraterritorial provision.1.Motor vehicle liability insurance applies to the amounts which the owner is legally<br>obligated to pay as damages because of accidental bodily injury and accidental<br>property damage arising out of the ownership or operation of a motor vehicle, if the<br>accident occurs in the United States or its possessions or in Canada. Motor vehicle<br>liability insurance must afford limits of liability not less than those required under the<br>financial responsibility laws of this state. Customary terms and conditions applicable<br>to motor vehicle liability insurance apply.2.If the accident occurs outside this state but in the United States or its possessions or<br>in Canada:a.If the limits of liability of the financial responsibility or compulsory insurance<br>laws of the applicable jurisdiction exceed the limits of liability of the financial<br>responsibility laws of North Dakota, the motor vehicle liability insurance isPage No. 8deemed to comply with the limits of liability of the laws of the applicable<br>jurisdiction.b.If the limits of no-fault benefits of the applicable jurisdiction exceed the limits<br>provided under this chapter for no-fault benefits, the no-fault benefits are<br>deemed to comply with the limits of the benefits of the laws of the applicable<br>jurisdiction.26.1-41-16. Insurer's right of subrogation. A basic no-fault insurer which has paid ormay become obligated to pay basic no-fault benefits under this chapter is subrogated to the<br>extent of its obligations to all of the rights of the injured person against any person other than a<br>secured person. The subrogee has a lien to the extent of its obligations, and no release of rights<br>is effective against the rights without the subrogee's consent.26.1-41-17. Equitable allocation of losses among insurers. Repealed by S.L. 2005,ch. 274, <!-- END .shortcode-content -->
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