1400. The definitions set forth in this section shall govern the
construction and meaning of the terms used in this chapter:
(a) "Covered establishment" means any industrial or commercial
facility or part thereof that employs, or has employed within the
preceding 12 months, 75 or more persons.
(b) "Employer" means any person, as defined by Section 18, who
directly or indirectly owns and operates a covered establishment. A
parent corporation is an employer as to any covered establishment
directly owned and operated by its corporate subsidiary.
(c) "Layoff" means a separation from a position for lack of funds
or lack of work.
(d) "Mass layoff" means a layoff during any 30-day period of 50 or
more employees at a covered establishment.
(e) "Relocation" means the removal of all or substantially all of
the industrial or commercial operations in a covered establishment to
a different location 100 miles or more away.
(f) "Termination" means the cessation or substantial cessation of
industrial or commercial operations in a covered establishment.
(g) (1) This chapter does not apply where the closing or layoff is
the result of the completion of a particular project or undertaking
of an employer subject to Wage Order 11, regulating the Broadcasting
Industry, Wage Order 12, regulating the Motion Picture Industry, or
Wage Order 16, regulating Certain On-Site Occupations in the
Construction, Drilling, Logging and Mining Industries, of the
Industrial Welfare Commission, and the employees were hired with the
understanding that their employment was limited to the duration of
that project or undertaking.
(2) This chapter does not apply to employees who are employed in
seasonal employment where the employees were hired with the
understanding that their employment was seasonal and temporary.
(h) "Employee" means a person employed by an employer for at least
6 months of the 12 months preceding the date on which notice is
required.
1401. (a) An employer may not order a mass layoff, relocation, or
termination at a covered establishment unless, 60 days before the
order takes effect, the employer gives written notice of the order to
the following:
(1) The employees of the covered establishment affected by the
order.
(2) The Employment Development Department, the local workforce
investment board, and the chief elected official of each city and
county government within which the termination, relocation, or mass
layoff occurs.
(b) An employer required to give notice of any mass layoff,
relocation, or termination under this chapter shall include in its
notice the elements required by the federal Worker Adjustment and
Retraining Notification Act (29 U.S.C. Sec. 2101 et seq.).
(c) Notwithstanding the requirements of subdivision (a), an
employer is not required to provide notice if a mass layoff,
relocation, or termination is necessitated by a physical calamity or
act of war.
1402. (a) An employer who fails to give notice as required by
paragraph (1) of subdivision (a) of Section 1401 before ordering a
mass layoff, relocation, or termination is liable to each employee
entitled to notice who lost his or her employment for:
(1) Back pay at the average regular rate of compensation received
by the employee during the last three years of his or her employment,
or the employee's final rate of compensation, whichever is higher.
(2) The value of the cost of any benefits to which the employee
would have been entitled had his or her employment not been lost,
including the cost of any medical expenses incurred by the employee
that would have been covered under an employee benefit plan.
(b) Liability under this section is calculated for the period of
the employer's violation, up to a maximum of 60 days, or one-half the
number of days that the employee was employed by the employer,
whichever period is smaller.
(c) The amount of an employer's liability under subdivision (a) is
reduced by the following:
(1) Any wages, except vacation moneys accrued prior to the period
of the employer's violation, paid by the employer to the employee
during the period of the employer's violation.
(2) Any voluntary and unconditional payments made by the employer
to the employee that were not required to satisfy any legal
obligation.
(3) Any payments by the employer to a third party or trustee, such
as premiums for health benefits or payments to a defined
contribution pension plan, on behalf of and attributable to the
employee for the period of the violation.
1402.5. (a) An employer is not required to comply with the notice
requirement contained in subdivision (a) of Section 1401 if the
department determines that all of the following conditions exist:
(1) As of the time that notice would have been required, the
employer was actively seeking capital or business.
(2) The capital or business sought, if obtained, would have
enabled the employer to avoid or postpone the relocation or
termination.
(3) The employer reasonably and in good faith believed that giving
the notice required by subdivision (a) of Section 1401 would have
precluded the employer from obtaining the needed capital or business.
(b) The department may not determine that the employer was
actively seeking capital or business under subdivision (a) unless the
employer provides the department with both of the following:
(1) A written record consisting of all documents relevant to the
determination of whether the employer was actively seeking capital or
business, as specified by the department.
(2) An affidavit verifying the contents of the documents contained
in the record.
(c) The affidavit provided to the department pursuant to paragraph
(2) of subdivision (b) shall contain a declaration signed under
penalty of perjury stating that the affidavit and the contents of the
documents contained in the record submitted pursuant to paragraph
(1) of subdivision (b) are true and correct.
(d) This section does not apply to notice of a mass layoff as
defined by subdivision (d) of Section 1400.
1403. An employer who fails to give notice as required by paragraph
(2) of subdivision (a) of Section 1401 is subject to a civil penalty
of not more than five hundred dollars ($500) for each day of the
employer's violation. The employer is not subject to a civil penalty
under this section, however, if the employer pays to all applicable
employees the amounts for which the employer is liable under Section
1402 within three weeks from the date the employer orders the mass
layoff, relocation, or termination.
1404. A person, including a local government or an employee
representative, seeking to establish liability against an employer
may bring a civil action on behalf of the person, other persons
similarly situated, or both, in any court of competent jurisdiction.
The court may award reasonable attorney's fees as part of costs to
any plaintiff who prevails in a civil action brought under this
chapter.
1405. If the court determines that an employer conducted a
reasonable investigation in good faith, and had reasonable grounds to
believe that its conduct was not a violation of this chapter, the
court may reduce the amount of any penalty imposed against the
employer under this chapter.
1406. In any investigation or proceeding under this chapter, the
Labor Commissioner has, in addition to all other powers granted by
law, the authority to examine the books and records of an employer.
1407. (a) Payments to a person under subdivision (a) of Section
1402 by an employer who has failed to provide the advance notice of
facility closure required by this chapter or the federal Worker
Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act (29 U.S.C. Sec. 2101 et
seq.) may not be construed as wages or compensation for personal
services under Article 2 (commencing with Section 926) of Chapter 4
of Part 1 of Division 1 of the Unemployment Insurance Code.
(b) Benefits payable under Chapter 5 (commencing with Section
1251) of Part 1 of Division 1 of the Unemployment Insurance Code may
not be denied or reduced because of the receipt of payments related
to an employer's violation of this chapter or the federal Worker
Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act (29 U.S.C. Sec. 2101 et
seq.).
1408. The provisions of this chapter are severable. If any
provision of this chapter or its application is held invalid, that
invalidity shall not affect other provisions or applications that can
be given effect without the invalid provision or application.
1400. The definitions set forth in this section shall govern the
construction and meaning of the terms used in this chapter:
(a) "Covered establishment" means any industrial or commercial
facility or part thereof that employs, or has employed within the
preceding 12 months, 75 or more persons.
(b) "Employer" means any person, as defined by Section 18, who
directly or indirectly owns and operates a covered establishment. A
parent corporation is an employer as to any covered establishment
directly owned and operated by its corporate subsidiary.
(c) "Layoff" means a separation from a position for lack of funds
or lack of work.
(d) "Mass layoff" means a layoff during any 30-day period of 50 or
more employees at a covered establishment.
(e) "Relocation" means the removal of all or substantially all of
the industrial or commercial operations in a covered establishment to
a different location 100 miles or more away.
(f) "Termination" means the cessation or substantial cessation of
industrial or commercial operations in a covered establishment.
(g) (1) This chapter does not apply where the closing or layoff is
the result of the completion of a particular project or undertaking
of an employer subject to Wage Order 11, regulating the Broadcasting
Industry, Wage Order 12, regulating the Motion Picture Industry, or
Wage Order 16, regulating Certain On-Site Occupations in the
Construction, Drilling, Logging and Mining Industries, of the
Industrial Welfare Commission, and the employees were hired with the
understanding that their employment was limited to the duration of
that project or undertaking.
(2) This chapter does not apply to employees who are employed in
seasonal employment where the employees were hired with the
understanding that their employment was seasonal and temporary.
(h) "Employee" means a person employed by an employer for at least
6 months of the 12 months preceding the date on which notice is
required.
1401. (a) An employer may not order a mass layoff, relocation, or
termination at a covered establishment unless, 60 days before the
order takes effect, the employer gives written notice of the order to
the following:
(1) The employees of the covered establishment affected by the
order.
(2) The Employment Development Department, the local workforce
investment board, and the chief elected official of each city and
county government within which the termination, relocation, or mass
layoff occurs.
(b) An employer required to give notice of any mass layoff,
relocation, or termination under this chapter shall include in its
notice the elements required by the federal Worker Adjustment and
Retraining Notification Act (29 U.S.C. Sec. 2101 et seq.).
(c) Notwithstanding the requirements of subdivision (a), an
employer is not required to provide notice if a mass layoff,
relocation, or termination is necessitated by a physical calamity or
act of war.
1402. (a) An employer who fails to give notice as required by
paragraph (1) of subdivision (a) of Section 1401 before ordering a
mass layoff, relocation, or termination is liable to each employee
entitled to notice who lost his or her employment for:
(1) Back pay at the average regular rate of compensation received
by the employee during the last three years of his or her employment,
or the employee's final rate of compensation, whichever is higher.
(2) The value of the cost of any benefits to which the employee
would have been entitled had his or her employment not been lost,
including the cost of any medical expenses incurred by the employee
that would have been covered under an employee benefit plan.
(b) Liability under this section is calculated for the period of
the employer's violation, up to a maximum of 60 days, or one-half the
number of days that the employee was employed by the employer,
whichever period is smaller.
(c) The amount of an employer's liability under subdivision (a) is
reduced by the following:
(1) Any wages, except vacation moneys accrued prior to the period
of the employer's violation, paid by the employer to the employee
during the period of the employer's violation.
(2) Any voluntary and unconditional payments made by the employer
to the employee that were not required to satisfy any legal
obligation.
(3) Any payments by the employer to a third party or trustee, such
as premiums for health benefits or payments to a defined
contribution pension plan, on behalf of and attributable to the
employee for the period of the violation.
1402.5. (a) An employer is not required to comply with the notice
requirement contained in subdivision (a) of Section 1401 if the
department determines that all of the following conditions exist:
(1) As of the time that notice would have been required, the
employer was actively seeking capital or business.
(2) The capital or business sought, if obtained, would have
enabled the employer to avoid or postpone the relocation or
termination.
(3) The employer reasonably and in good faith believed that giving
the notice required by subdivision (a) of Section 1401 would have
precluded the employer from obtaining the needed capital or business.
(b) The department may not determine that the employer was
actively seeking capital or business under subdivision (a) unless the
employer provides the department with both of the following:
(1) A written record consisting of all documents relevant to the
determination of whether the employer was actively seeking capital or
business, as specified by the department.
(2) An affidavit verifying the contents of the documents contained
in the record.
(c) The affidavit provided to the department pursuant to paragraph
(2) of subdivision (b) shall contain a declaration signed under
penalty of perjury stating that the affidavit and the contents of the
documents contained in the record submitted pursuant to paragraph
(1) of subdivision (b) are true and correct.
(d) This section does not apply to notice of a mass layoff as
defined by subdivision (d) of Section 1400.
1403. An employer who fails to give notice as required by paragraph
(2) of subdivision (a) of Section 1401 is subject to a civil penalty
of not more than five hundred dollars ($500) for each day of the
employer's violation. The employer is not subject to a civil penalty
under this section, however, if the employer pays to all applicable
employees the amounts for which the employer is liable under Section
1402 within three weeks from the date the employer orders the mass
layoff, relocation, or termination.
1404. A person, including a local government or an employee
representative, seeking to establish liability against an employer
may bring a civil action on behalf of the person, other persons
similarly situated, or both, in any court of competent jurisdiction.
The court may award reasonable attorney's fees as part of costs to
any plaintiff who prevails in a civil action brought under this
chapter.
1405. If the court determines that an employer conducted a
reasonable investigation in good faith, and had reasonable grounds to
believe that its conduct was not a violation of this chapter, the
court may reduce the amount of any penalty imposed against the
employer under this chapter.
1406. In any investigation or proceeding under this chapter, the
Labor Commissioner has, in addition to all other powers granted by
law, the authority to examine the books and records of an employer.
1407. (a) Payments to a person under subdivision (a) of Section
1402 by an employer who has failed to provide the advance notice of
facility closure required by this chapter or the federal Worker
Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act (29 U.S.C. Sec. 2101 et
seq.) may not be construed as wages or compensation for personal
services under Article 2 (commencing with Section 926) of Chapter 4
of Part 1 of Division 1 of the Unemployment Insurance Code.
(b) Benefits payable under Chapter 5 (commencing with Section
1251) of Part 1 of Division 1 of the Unemployment Insurance Code may
not be denied or reduced because of the receipt of payments related
to an employer's violation of this chapter or the federal Worker
Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act (29 U.S.C. Sec. 2101 et
seq.).
1408. The provisions of this chapter are severable. If any
provision of this chapter or its application is held invalid, that
invalidity shall not affect other provisions or applications that can
be given effect without the invalid provision or application.
1400. The definitions set forth in this section shall govern the
construction and meaning of the terms used in this chapter:
(a) "Covered establishment" means any industrial or commercial
facility or part thereof that employs, or has employed within the
preceding 12 months, 75 or more persons.
(b) "Employer" means any person, as defined by Section 18, who
directly or indirectly owns and operates a covered establishment. A
parent corporation is an employer as to any covered establishment
directly owned and operated by its corporate subsidiary.
(c) "Layoff" means a separation from a position for lack of funds
or lack of work.
(d) "Mass layoff" means a layoff during any 30-day period of 50 or
more employees at a covered establishment.
(e) "Relocation" means the removal of all or substantially all of
the industrial or commercial operations in a covered establishment to
a different location 100 miles or more away.
(f) "Termination" means the cessation or substantial cessation of
industrial or commercial operations in a covered establishment.
(g) (1) This chapter does not apply where the closing or layoff is
the result of the completion of a particular project or undertaking
of an employer subject to Wage Order 11, regulating the Broadcasting
Industry, Wage Order 12, regulating the Motion Picture Industry, or
Wage Order 16, regulating Certain On-Site Occupations in the
Construction, Drilling, Logging and Mining Industries, of the
Industrial Welfare Commission, and the employees were hired with the
understanding that their employment was limited to the duration of
that project or undertaking.
(2) This chapter does not apply to employees who are employed in
seasonal employment where the employees were hired with the
understanding that their employment was seasonal and temporary.
(h) "Employee" means a person employed by an employer for at least
6 months of the 12 months preceding the date on which notice is
required.
1401. (a) An employer may not order a mass layoff, relocation, or
termination at a covered establishment unless, 60 days before the
order takes effect, the employer gives written notice of the order to
the following:
(1) The employees of the covered establishment affected by the
order.
(2) The Employment Development Department, the local workforce
investment board, and the chief elected official of each city and
county government within which the termination, relocation, or mass
layoff occurs.
(b) An employer required to give notice of any mass layoff,
relocation, or termination under this chapter shall include in its
notice the elements required by the federal Worker Adjustment and
Retraining Notification Act (29 U.S.C. Sec. 2101 et seq.).
(c) Notwithstanding the requirements of subdivision (a), an
employer is not required to provide notice if a mass layoff,
relocation, or termination is necessitated by a physical calamity or
act of war.
1402. (a) An employer who fails to give notice as required by
paragraph (1) of subdivision (a) of Section 1401 before ordering a
mass layoff, relocation, or termination is liable to each employee
entitled to notice who lost his or her employment for:
(1) Back pay at the average regular rate of compensation received
by the employee during the last three years of his or her employment,
or the employee's final rate of compensation, whichever is higher.
(2) The value of the cost of any benefits to which the employee
would have been entitled had his or her employment not been lost,
including the cost of any medical expenses incurred by the employee
that would have been covered under an employee benefit plan.
(b) Liability under this section is calculated for the period of
the employer's violation, up to a maximum of 60 days, or one-half the
number of days that the employee was employed by the employer,
whichever period is smaller.
(c) The amount of an employer's liability under subdivision (a) is
reduced by the following:
(1) Any wages, except vacation moneys accrued prior to the period
of the employer's violation, paid by the employer to the employee
during the period of the employer's violation.
(2) Any voluntary and unconditional payments made by the employer
to the employee that were not required to satisfy any legal
obligation.
(3) Any payments by the employer to a third party or trustee, such
as premiums for health benefits or payments to a defined
contribution pension plan, on behalf of and attributable to the
employee for the period of the violation.
1402.5. (a) An employer is not required to comply with the notice
requirement contained in subdivision (a) of Section 1401 if the
department determines that all of the following conditions exist:
(1) As of the time that notice would have been required, the
employer was actively seeking capital or business.
(2) The capital or business sought, if obtained, would have
enabled the employer to avoid or postpone the relocation or
termination.
(3) The employer reasonably and in good faith believed that giving
the notice required by subdivision (a) of Section 1401 would have
precluded the employer from obtaining the needed capital or business.
(b) The department may not determine that the employer was
actively seeking capital or business under subdivision (a) unless the
employer provides the department with both of the following:
(1) A written record consisting of all documents relevant to the
determination of whether the employer was actively seeking capital or
business, as specified by the department.
(2) An affidavit verifying the contents of the documents contained
in the record.
(c) The affidavit provided to the department pursuant to paragraph
(2) of subdivision (b) shall contain a declaration signed under
penalty of perjury stating that the affidavit and the contents of the
documents contained in the record submitted pursuant to paragraph
(1) of subdivision (b) are true and correct.
(d) This section does not apply to notice of a mass layoff as
defined by subdivision (d) of Section 1400.
1403. An employer who fails to give notice as required by paragraph
(2) of subdivision (a) of Section 1401 is subject to a civil penalty
of not more than five hundred dollars ($500) for each day of the
employer's violation. The employer is not subject to a civil penalty
under this section, however, if the employer pays to all applicable
employees the amounts for which the employer is liable under Section
1402 within three weeks from the date the employer orders the mass
layoff, relocation, or termination.
1404. A person, including a local government or an employee
representative, seeking to establish liability against an employer
may bring a civil action on behalf of the person, other persons
similarly situated, or both, in any court of competent jurisdiction.
The court may award reasonable attorney's fees as part of costs to
any plaintiff who prevails in a civil action brought under this
chapter.
1405. If the court determines that an employer conducted a
reasonable investigation in good faith, and had reasonable grounds to
believe that its conduct was not a violation of this chapter, the
court may reduce the amount of any penalty imposed against the
employer under this chapter.
1406. In any investigation or proceeding under this chapter, the
Labor Commissioner has, in addition to all other powers granted by
law, the authority to examine the books and records of an employer.
1407. (a) Payments to a person under subdivision (a) of Section
1402 by an employer who has failed to provide the advance notice of
facility closure required by this chapter or the federal Worker
Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act (29 U.S.C. Sec. 2101 et
seq.) may not be construed as wages or compensation for personal
services under Article 2 (commencing with Section 926) of Chapter 4
of Part 1 of Division 1 of the Unemployment Insurance Code.
(b) Benefits payable under Chapter 5 (commencing with Section
1251) of Part 1 of Division 1 of the Unemployment Insurance Code may
not be denied or reduced because of the receipt of payments related
to an employer's violation of this chapter or the federal Worker
Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act (29 U.S.C. Sec. 2101 et
seq.).
1408. The provisions of this chapter are severable. If any
provision of this chapter or its application is held invalid, that
invalidity shall not affect other provisions or applications that can
be given effect without the invalid provision or application.
