Unlicensed or unregistered practice prohibited--corporation,requirements, exceptions--application for permit to employdentists and dental hygienists--rulemaking authority.
332.081. 1. No person or other entity shall practice dentistry inMissouri or provide dental services as defined in section 332.071 unless anduntil the board has issued to the person a certificate certifying that theperson has been duly registered as a dentist in Missouri or to an entity thathas been duly registered to provide dental services by licensed dentists anddental hygienists and unless and until the board has issued to the person alicense, to be renewed each period, as provided in this chapter, to practicedentistry or as a dental hygienist, or has issued to the person or entity apermit, to be renewed each period, to provide dental services in Missouri.Nothing in this chapter shall be so construed as to make it unlawful for:
(1) A legally qualified physician or surgeon, who does not practicedentistry as a specialty, from extracting teeth;
(2) A dentist licensed in a state other than Missouri from making aclinical demonstration before a meeting of dentists in Missouri;
(3) Dental students in any accredited dental school to practicedentistry under the personal direction of instructors;
(4) Dental hygiene students in any accredited dental hygiene school topractice dental hygiene under the personal direction of instructors;
(5) A duly registered and licensed dental hygienist in Missouri topractice dental hygiene as defined in section 332.091;
(6) A dental assistant, certified dental assistant, or expandedfunctions dental assistant to be delegated duties as defined in section332.093;
(7) A duly registered dentist or dental hygienist to teach in anaccredited dental or dental hygiene school;
(8) A duly qualified anesthesiologist or nurse anesthetist to administeran anesthetic in connection with dental services or dental surgery; or
(9) A person to practice dentistry in or for:
(a) The United States armed forces;
(b) The United States Public Health Service;
(c) Migrant, community, or health care for the homeless health centersprovided in Section 330 of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 254(b));
(d) Federally qualified health centers as defined in Section 1905(l) (42U.S.C. 1396d(l)) of the Social Security Act;
(e) Governmental entities, including county health departments; or
(f) The United States Veterans Bureau; or*
(10) A dentist licensed in a state other than Missouri to evaluate apatient or render an oral, written, or otherwise documented dental opinionwhen providing testimony or records for the purpose of a civil or criminalaction before any judicial or administrative proceeding of this state or otherforum in this state.
2. No corporation shall practice dentistry as defined in section 332.071unless that corporation is organized under the provisions of chapter 355 or356, RSMo, provided that a corporation organized under the provisions ofchapter 355, RSMo, and qualifying as an organization under 26 U.S.C. Section501(c)(3) may only employ dentists and dental hygienists licensed in thisstate to render dental services to Medicaid recipients, low-income individualswho have available income below two hundred percent of the federal povertylevel, and all participants in the SCHIP program, unless such limitation iscontrary to or inconsistent with federal or state law or regulation. Thissubsection shall not apply to:
(1) A hospital licensed under chapter 197, RSMo, that provides care andtreatment only to children under the age of eighteen at which a personregulated under this chapter provides dental care within the scope of his orher license or registration;
(2) A federally qualified health center as defined in Section 1905(l) ofthe Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396(d)(l)), or a migrant, community, orhealth care for the homeless health center provided for in Section 330 of thePublic Health Services Act (42 U.S.C. 254(b)) at which a person regulatedunder this chapter provides dental care within the scope of his or her licenseor registration;
(3) A city or county health department organized under chapter 192,RSMo, or chapter 205, RSMo, at which a person regulated under this chapterprovides dental care within the scope of his or her license or registration;
(4) A social welfare board organized under section 205.770, RSMo, a cityhealth department operating under a city charter, or a city-county healthdepartment at which a person regulated under this chapter provides dental carewithin the scope of his or her license or registration;
(5) Any entity that has received a permit from the dental board and doesnot receive compensation from the patient or from any third party on thepatient's behalf at which a person regulated under this chapter providesdental care within the scope of his or her license or registration;
(6) Any hospital nonprofit corporation exempt from taxation underSection 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code, as amended, that engages inits operations and provides dental services at facilities owned by a city,county, or other political subdivision of the state at which a personregulated under this chapter provides dental care within the scope of his orher license or registration.
If any of the entities exempted from the requirements of this subsection areunable to provide services to a patient due to the lack of a qualifiedprovider and a referral to another entity is made, the exemption shall extendto the person or entity that subsequently provides services to the patient.
3. No unincorporated organization shall practice dentistry as defined insection 332.071 unless such organization is exempt from federal taxation underSection 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, andprovides dental treatment without compensation from the patient or any thirdparty on their behalf as a part of a broader program of social servicesincluding food distribution. Nothing in this chapter shall prohibitorganizations under this subsection from employing any person regulated bythis chapter.
4. A dentist shall not enter into a contract that allows a person who isnot a dentist to influence or interfere with the exercise of the dentist'sindependent professional judgment.
5. A not-for-profit corporation organized under the provisions ofchapter 355, RSMo, and qualifying as an organization under 26 U.S.C. Section501(c)(3), an unincorporated organization operating pursuant to subsection 3of this section, or any other person should not direct or interfere or attemptto direct or interfere with a licensed dentist's professional judgment andcompetent practice of dentistry. Nothing in this subsection shall be soconstrued as to make it unlawful for not-for-profit organizations to enforceemployment contracts, corporate policy and procedure manuals, or qualityimprovement or assurance requirements.
6. All entities defined in subsection 2 of this section and thoseexempted under subsection 3 of this section shall apply for a permit to employdentists and dental hygienists licensed in this state to render dentalservices, and the entity shall apply for the permit in writing on formsprovided by the Missouri dental board. The board shall not charge a fee ofany kind for the issuance or renewal of such permit. The provisions of thissubsection shall not apply to a federally qualified health center as definedin Section 1905(l) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396d(l)).
7. Any entity that obtains a permit to render dental services in thisstate is subject to discipline pursuant to section 332.321. If the boardconcludes that the person or entity has committed an act or is engaging in acourse of conduct that would be grounds for disciplinary action, the board mayfile a complaint before the administrative hearing commission. The board mayrefuse to issue or renew the permit of any entity for one or any combinationof causes stated in subsection 2 of section 332.321. The board shall notifythe applicant in writing of the reasons for the refusal and shall advise theapplicant of his or her right to file a complaint with the administrativehearing commission as provided by chapter 621, RSMo.
8. A federally qualified health center as defined in Section 1905(l) ofthe Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396d(l)) shall register with the board.The information provided to the board as part of the registration shallinclude the name of the health center, the nonprofit status of the healthcenter, sites where dental services will be provided, and the names of allpersons employed by, or contracting with, the health center who are requiredto hold a license pursuant to this chapter. The registration shall be renewedevery twenty-four months. The board shall not charge a fee of any kind forthe issuance or renewal of the registration. The registration of the healthcenter shall not be subject to discipline pursuant to section 332.321.Nothing in this subsection shall prohibit disciplinary action against alicensee of this chapter who is employed by, or contracts with, such healthcenter for the actions of the licensee in connection with such employment orcontract. All licensed persons employed by, or contracting with, the healthcenter shall certify in writing to the board at the time of issuance andrenewal of the registration that the facility of the health center meets thesame operating standards regarding cleanliness, sanitation, andprofessionalism as would the facility of a dentist licensed by this chapter.The board shall promulgate rules regarding such standards.
9. The board may promulgate rules and regulations to ensurenot-for-profit corporations are rendering care to the patient populations asset forth herein, including requirements for covered not-for-profitcorporations to report patient census data to the board. The provisions ofthis subsection shall not apply to a federally qualified health center asdefined in Section 1905(l) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396d(l)).
10. All not-for-profit corporations organized or operated pursuant tothe provisions of chapter 355, RSMo, and qualifying as an organization under26 U.S.C. Section 501(c)(3), or the requirements relating to migrant,community, or health care for the homeless health centers provided in Section330 of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 254(b)) and federallyqualified health centers as defined in Section 1905(l) (42 U.S.C. 1396d(l))of the Social Security Act, that employ persons who practice dentistry ordental hygiene in this state shall do so in accordance with the relevant lawsof this state except to the extent that such laws are contrary to, orinconsistent with, federal statute or regulation.
Unlicensed or unregistered practice prohibited--corporation,requirements, exceptions--application for permit to employdentists and dental hygienists--rulemaking authority.
332.081. 1. No person or other entity shall practice dentistry inMissouri or provide dental services as defined in section 332.071 unless anduntil the board has issued to the person a certificate certifying that theperson has been duly registered as a dentist in Missouri or to an entity thathas been duly registered to provide dental services by licensed dentists anddental hygienists and unless and until the board has issued to the person alicense, to be renewed each period, as provided in this chapter, to practicedentistry or as a dental hygienist, or has issued to the person or entity apermit, to be renewed each period, to provide dental services in Missouri.Nothing in this chapter shall be so construed as to make it unlawful for:
(1) A legally qualified physician or surgeon, who does not practicedentistry as a specialty, from extracting teeth;
(2) A dentist licensed in a state other than Missouri from making aclinical demonstration before a meeting of dentists in Missouri;
(3) Dental students in any accredited dental school to practicedentistry under the personal direction of instructors;
(4) Dental hygiene students in any accredited dental hygiene school topractice dental hygiene under the personal direction of instructors;
(5) A duly registered and licensed dental hygienist in Missouri topractice dental hygiene as defined in section 332.091;
(6) A dental assistant, certified dental assistant, or expandedfunctions dental assistant to be delegated duties as defined in section332.093;
(7) A duly registered dentist or dental hygienist to teach in anaccredited dental or dental hygiene school;
(8) A duly qualified anesthesiologist or nurse anesthetist to administeran anesthetic in connection with dental services or dental surgery; or
(9) A person to practice dentistry in or for:
(a) The United States armed forces;
(b) The United States Public Health Service;
(c) Migrant, community, or health care for the homeless health centersprovided in Section 330 of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 254(b));
(d) Federally qualified health centers as defined in Section 1905(l) (42U.S.C. 1396d(l)) of the Social Security Act;
(e) Governmental entities, including county health departments; or
(f) The United States Veterans Bureau; or*
(10) A dentist licensed in a state other than Missouri to evaluate apatient or render an oral, written, or otherwise documented dental opinionwhen providing testimony or records for the purpose of a civil or criminalaction before any judicial or administrative proceeding of this state or otherforum in this state.
2. No corporation shall practice dentistry as defined in section 332.071unless that corporation is organized under the provisions of chapter 355 or356, RSMo, provided that a corporation organized under the provisions ofchapter 355, RSMo, and qualifying as an organization under 26 U.S.C. Section501(c)(3) may only employ dentists and dental hygienists licensed in thisstate to render dental services to Medicaid recipients, low-income individualswho have available income below two hundred percent of the federal povertylevel, and all participants in the SCHIP program, unless such limitation iscontrary to or inconsistent with federal or state law or regulation. Thissubsection shall not apply to:
(1) A hospital licensed under chapter 197, RSMo, that provides care andtreatment only to children under the age of eighteen at which a personregulated under this chapter provides dental care within the scope of his orher license or registration;
(2) A federally qualified health center as defined in Section 1905(l) ofthe Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396(d)(l)), or a migrant, community, orhealth care for the homeless health center provided for in Section 330 of thePublic Health Services Act (42 U.S.C. 254(b)) at which a person regulatedunder this chapter provides dental care within the scope of his or her licenseor registration;
(3) A city or county health department organized under chapter 192,RSMo, or chapter 205, RSMo, at which a person regulated under this chapterprovides dental care within the scope of his or her license or registration;
(4) A social welfare board organized under section 205.770, RSMo, a cityhealth department operating under a city charter, or a city-county healthdepartment at which a person regulated under this chapter provides dental carewithin the scope of his or her license or registration;
(5) Any entity that has received a permit from the dental board and doesnot receive compensation from the patient or from any third party on thepatient's behalf at which a person regulated under this chapter providesdental care within the scope of his or her license or registration;
(6) Any hospital nonprofit corporation exempt from taxation underSection 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code, as amended, that engages inits operations and provides dental services at facilities owned by a city,county, or other political subdivision of the state at which a personregulated under this chapter provides dental care within the scope of his orher license or registration.
If any of the entities exempted from the requirements of this subsection areunable to provide services to a patient due to the lack of a qualifiedprovider and a referral to another entity is made, the exemption shall extendto the person or entity that subsequently provides services to the patient.
3. No unincorporated organization shall practice dentistry as defined insection 332.071 unless such organization is exempt from federal taxation underSection 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, andprovides dental treatment without compensation from the patient or any thirdparty on their behalf as a part of a broader program of social servicesincluding food distribution. Nothing in this chapter shall prohibitorganizations under this subsection from employing any person regulated bythis chapter.
4. A dentist shall not enter into a contract that allows a person who isnot a dentist to influence or interfere with the exercise of the dentist'sindependent professional judgment.
5. A not-for-profit corporation organized under the provisions ofchapter 355, RSMo, and qualifying as an organization under 26 U.S.C. Section501(c)(3), an unincorporated organization operating pursuant to subsection 3of this section, or any other person should not direct or interfere or attemptto direct or interfere with a licensed dentist's professional judgment andcompetent practice of dentistry. Nothing in this subsection shall be soconstrued as to make it unlawful for not-for-profit organizations to enforceemployment contracts, corporate policy and procedure manuals, or qualityimprovement or assurance requirements.
6. All entities defined in subsection 2 of this section and thoseexempted under subsection 3 of this section shall apply for a permit to employdentists and dental hygienists licensed in this state to render dentalservices, and the entity shall apply for the permit in writing on formsprovided by the Missouri dental board. The board shall not charge a fee ofany kind for the issuance or renewal of such permit. The provisions of thissubsection shall not apply to a federally qualified health center as definedin Section 1905(l) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396d(l)).
7. Any entity that obtains a permit to render dental services in thisstate is subject to discipline pursuant to section 332.321. If the boardconcludes that the person or entity has committed an act or is engaging in acourse of conduct that would be grounds for disciplinary action, the board mayfile a complaint before the administrative hearing commission. The board mayrefuse to issue or renew the permit of any entity for one or any combinationof causes stated in subsection 2 of section 332.321. The board shall notifythe applicant in writing of the reasons for the refusal and shall advise theapplicant of his or her right to file a complaint with the administrativehearing commission as provided by chapter 621, RSMo.
8. A federally qualified health center as defined in Section 1905(l) ofthe Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396d(l)) shall register with the board.The information provided to the board as part of the registration shallinclude the name of the health center, the nonprofit status of the healthcenter, sites where dental services will be provided, and the names of allpersons employed by, or contracting with, the health center who are requiredto hold a license pursuant to this chapter. The registration shall be renewedevery twenty-four months. The board shall not charge a fee of any kind forthe issuance or renewal of the registration. The registration of the healthcenter shall not be subject to discipline pursuant to section 332.321.Nothing in this subsection shall prohibit disciplinary action against alicensee of this chapter who is employed by, or contracts with, such healthcenter for the actions of the licensee in connection with such employment orcontract. All licensed persons employed by, or contracting with, the healthcenter shall certify in writing to the board at the time of issuance andrenewal of the registration that the facility of the health center meets thesame operating standards regarding cleanliness, sanitation, andprofessionalism as would the facility of a dentist licensed by this chapter.The board shall promulgate rules regarding such standards.
9. The board may promulgate rules and regulations to ensurenot-for-profit corporations are rendering care to the patient populations asset forth herein, including requirements for covered not-for-profitcorporations to report patient census data to the board. The provisions ofthis subsection shall not apply to a federally qualified health center asdefined in Section 1905(l) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396d(l)).
10. All not-for-profit corporations organized or operated pursuant tothe provisions of chapter 355, RSMo, and qualifying as an organization under26 U.S.C. Section 501(c)(3), or the requirements relating to migrant,community, or health care for the homeless health centers provided in Section330 of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 254(b)) and federallyqualified health centers as defined in Section 1905(l) (42 U.S.C. 1396d(l))of the Social Security Act, that employ persons who practice dentistry ordental hygiene in this state shall do so in accordance with the relevant lawsof this state except to the extent that such laws are contrary to, orinconsistent with, federal statute or regulation.
Unlicensed or unregistered practice prohibited--corporation,requirements, exceptions--application for permit to employdentists and dental hygienists--rulemaking authority.
332.081. 1. No person or other entity shall practice dentistry inMissouri or provide dental services as defined in section 332.071 unless anduntil the board has issued to the person a certificate certifying that theperson has been duly registered as a dentist in Missouri or to an entity thathas been duly registered to provide dental services by licensed dentists anddental hygienists and unless and until the board has issued to the person alicense, to be renewed each period, as provided in this chapter, to practicedentistry or as a dental hygienist, or has issued to the person or entity apermit, to be renewed each period, to provide dental services in Missouri.Nothing in this chapter shall be so construed as to make it unlawful for:
(1) A legally qualified physician or surgeon, who does not practicedentistry as a specialty, from extracting teeth;
(2) A dentist licensed in a state other than Missouri from making aclinical demonstration before a meeting of dentists in Missouri;
(3) Dental students in any accredited dental school to practicedentistry under the personal direction of instructors;
(4) Dental hygiene students in any accredited dental hygiene school topractice dental hygiene under the personal direction of instructors;
(5) A duly registered and licensed dental hygienist in Missouri topractice dental hygiene as defined in section 332.091;
(6) A dental assistant, certified dental assistant, or expandedfunctions dental assistant to be delegated duties as defined in section332.093;
(7) A duly registered dentist or dental hygienist to teach in anaccredited dental or dental hygiene school;
(8) A duly qualified anesthesiologist or nurse anesthetist to administeran anesthetic in connection with dental services or dental surgery; or
(9) A person to practice dentistry in or for:
(a) The United States armed forces;
(b) The United States Public Health Service;
(c) Migrant, community, or health care for the homeless health centersprovided in Section 330 of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 254(b));
(d) Federally qualified health centers as defined in Section 1905(l) (42U.S.C. 1396d(l)) of the Social Security Act;
(e) Governmental entities, including county health departments; or
(f) The United States Veterans Bureau; or*
(10) A dentist licensed in a state other than Missouri to evaluate apatient or render an oral, written, or otherwise documented dental opinionwhen providing testimony or records for the purpose of a civil or criminalaction before any judicial or administrative proceeding of this state or otherforum in this state.
2. No corporation shall practice dentistry as defined in section 332.071unless that corporation is organized under the provisions of chapter 355 or356, RSMo, provided that a corporation organized under the provisions ofchapter 355, RSMo, and qualifying as an organization under 26 U.S.C. Section501(c)(3) may only employ dentists and dental hygienists licensed in thisstate to render dental services to Medicaid recipients, low-income individualswho have available income below two hundred percent of the federal povertylevel, and all participants in the SCHIP program, unless such limitation iscontrary to or inconsistent with federal or state law or regulation. Thissubsection shall not apply to:
(1) A hospital licensed under chapter 197, RSMo, that provides care andtreatment only to children under the age of eighteen at which a personregulated under this chapter provides dental care within the scope of his orher license or registration;
(2) A federally qualified health center as defined in Section 1905(l) ofthe Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396(d)(l)), or a migrant, community, orhealth care for the homeless health center provided for in Section 330 of thePublic Health Services Act (42 U.S.C. 254(b)) at which a person regulatedunder this chapter provides dental care within the scope of his or her licenseor registration;
(3) A city or county health department organized under chapter 192,RSMo, or chapter 205, RSMo, at which a person regulated under this chapterprovides dental care within the scope of his or her license or registration;
(4) A social welfare board organized under section 205.770, RSMo, a cityhealth department operating under a city charter, or a city-county healthdepartment at which a person regulated under this chapter provides dental carewithin the scope of his or her license or registration;
(5) Any entity that has received a permit from the dental board and doesnot receive compensation from the patient or from any third party on thepatient's behalf at which a person regulated under this chapter providesdental care within the scope of his or her license or registration;
(6) Any hospital nonprofit corporation exempt from taxation underSection 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code, as amended, that engages inits operations and provides dental services at facilities owned by a city,county, or other political subdivision of the state at which a personregulated under this chapter provides dental care within the scope of his orher license or registration.
If any of the entities exempted from the requirements of this subsection areunable to provide services to a patient due to the lack of a qualifiedprovider and a referral to another entity is made, the exemption shall extendto the person or entity that subsequently provides services to the patient.
3. No unincorporated organization shall practice dentistry as defined insection 332.071 unless such organization is exempt from federal taxation underSection 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, andprovides dental treatment without compensation from the patient or any thirdparty on their behalf as a part of a broader program of social servicesincluding food distribution. Nothing in this chapter shall prohibitorganizations under this subsection from employing any person regulated bythis chapter.
4. A dentist shall not enter into a contract that allows a person who isnot a dentist to influence or interfere with the exercise of the dentist'sindependent professional judgment.
5. A not-for-profit corporation organized under the provisions ofchapter 355, RSMo, and qualifying as an organization under 26 U.S.C. Section501(c)(3), an unincorporated organization operating pursuant to subsection 3of this section, or any other person should not direct or interfere or attemptto direct or interfere with a licensed dentist's professional judgment andcompetent practice of dentistry. Nothing in this subsection shall be soconstrued as to make it unlawful for not-for-profit organizations to enforceemployment contracts, corporate policy and procedure manuals, or qualityimprovement or assurance requirements.
6. All entities defined in subsection 2 of this section and thoseexempted under subsection 3 of this section shall apply for a permit to employdentists and dental hygienists licensed in this state to render dentalservices, and the entity shall apply for the permit in writing on formsprovided by the Missouri dental board. The board shall not charge a fee ofany kind for the issuance or renewal of such permit. The provisions of thissubsection shall not apply to a federally qualified health center as definedin Section 1905(l) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396d(l)).
7. Any entity that obtains a permit to render dental services in thisstate is subject to discipline pursuant to section 332.321. If the boardconcludes that the person or entity has committed an act or is engaging in acourse of conduct that would be grounds for disciplinary action, the board mayfile a complaint before the administrative hearing commission. The board mayrefuse to issue or renew the permit of any entity for one or any combinationof causes stated in subsection 2 of section 332.321. The board shall notifythe applicant in writing of the reasons for the refusal and shall advise theapplicant of his or her right to file a complaint with the administrativehearing commission as provided by chapter 621, RSMo.
8. A federally qualified health center as defined in Section 1905(l) ofthe Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396d(l)) shall register with the board.The information provided to the board as part of the registration shallinclude the name of the health center, the nonprofit status of the healthcenter, sites where dental services will be provided, and the names of allpersons employed by, or contracting with, the health center who are requiredto hold a license pursuant to this chapter. The registration shall be renewedevery twenty-four months. The board shall not charge a fee of any kind forthe issuance or renewal of the registration. The registration of the healthcenter shall not be subject to discipline pursuant to section 332.321.Nothing in this subsection shall prohibit disciplinary action against alicensee of this chapter who is employed by, or contracts with, such healthcenter for the actions of the licensee in connection with such employment orcontract. All licensed persons employed by, or contracting with, the healthcenter shall certify in writing to the board at the time of issuance andrenewal of the registration that the facility of the health center meets thesame operating standards regarding cleanliness, sanitation, andprofessionalism as would the facility of a dentist licensed by this chapter.The board shall promulgate rules regarding such standards.
9. The board may promulgate rules and regulations to ensurenot-for-profit corporations are rendering care to the patient populations asset forth herein, including requirements for covered not-for-profitcorporations to report patient census data to the board. The provisions ofthis subsection shall not apply to a federally qualified health center asdefined in Section 1905(l) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396d(l)).
10. All not-for-profit corporations organized or operated pursuant tothe provisions of chapter 355, RSMo, and qualifying as an organization under26 U.S.C. Section 501(c)(3), or the requirements relating to migrant,community, or health care for the homeless health centers provided in Section330 of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 254(b)) and federallyqualified health centers as defined in Section 1905(l) (42 U.S.C. 1396d(l))of the Social Security Act, that employ persons who practice dentistry ordental hygiene in this state shall do so in accordance with the relevant lawsof this state except to the extent that such laws are contrary to, orinconsistent with, federal statute or regulation.
