Virginia StatutesTitle 16.1 - COURTS NOT OF RECORD.
- Chapter 1 - General Provisions (16.1-1)
- Chapter 2 - County Courts (16.1-36)
- Chapter 3 - Municipal Courts (16.1-52)
- Chapter 4 - Joint Operation of Courts (16.1-64)
- Chapter 4.1 - District Courts (16.1-69.1 thru 16.1-69.58)
- 16.1-69.1 - Repealing clause.
- 16.1-69.10 - Number of judges.
- 16.1-69.11 - Chief judges; judges; substitute judges.
- 16.1-69.11:1 - Acting chief judge.
- 16.1-69.12 - Limitations on practice of law by judges.
- 16.1-69.13 - Description unavailable
- 16.1-69.14 - Number of substitute judges.
- 16.1-69.15 - Qualifications of judges.
- 16.1-69.16 - Residence requirements.
- 16.1-69.17 - Oath of office of judges, clerks and others.
- 16.1-69.17:1 - Time within which a judge may qualify; failure to do so vacates office
- 16.1-69.18 - Bonds of judges, clerks, and others handling funds.
- 16.1-69.19 - Incompatible offices.
- 16.1-69.2 - through 16.1-69.4
- 16.1-69.20 - Description unavailable
- 16.1-69.21 - When substitute to serve; his powers and duties.
- 16.1-69.22 - Removal of judges and substitute judges.
- 16.1-69.22:1 - Temporary recall of retired district court judges
- 16.1-69.23 - In what cases judge disqualified.
- 16.1-69.24 - Contempt of court.
- 16.1-69.25 - Judge may issue warrants, summons and subpoenas.
- 16.1-69.25:1 - Judge shall order bill of particulars; time for motion
- 16.1-69.26 - Judges as conservators of the peace.
- 16.1-69.27 - Additional powers of judges.
- 16.1-69.28 - Commitment of insane, etc., persons.
- 16.1-69.29 - Jurisdiction over certain waters.
- 16.1-69.30 - District system within unified court system.
- 16.1-69.31 - The duties of the Judicial Council.
- 16.1-69.32 - Rules.
- 16.1-69.32:1 - Substitution of counsel
- 16.1-69.33 - Committee on District Courts.
- 16.1-69.34 - Description unavailable
- 16.1-69.35 - Administrative duties of chief district judge.
- 16.1-69.35:1 - Description unavailable
- 16.1-69.35:2 - Tape recording of proceedings in district courts
- 16.1-69.36 - Where process returnable and trials held in certain cases.
- 16.1-69.37 - Personnel continued in office.
- 16.1-69.38 - Authorization for substitute judges and personnel.
- 16.1-69.39 - Appointment of personnel.
- 16.1-69.39:1 - Legal service to district court employees and magistrates
- 16.1-69.40 - Powers and duties of clerks; civil liability.
- 16.1-69.40:1 - Traffic infractions within authority of traffic violations clerk; schedule of fines; prepayment of ...
- 16.1-69.40:2 - Nontraffic offenses for which prepayment authorized; schedules, fines; prepayment of local ordinanc...
- 16.1-69.40:3 - Financial responsibilities of judges and clerks
- 16.1-69.41 - Description unavailable
- 16.1-69.42 - Clerk when authorized by judge may execute appeal bonds; may make out and attest transcripts.
- 16.1-69.43 - Judge before whom accused was arraigned may hear case on merits; judge who has heard part of case may hear case to conclusion.
- 16.1-69.44 - Salaries of judges.
- 16.1-69.45 - Salaries of clerks and personnel.
- 16.1-69.46 - How salaries payable.
- 16.1-69.47 - Description unavailable
- 16.1-69.47:1 - Travel expenses of judges and clerks; how paid
- 16.1-69.48 - Fees and fines.
- 16.1-69.48:1 - Fixed fee for misdemeanors, traffic infractions and other violations in district court; additional ...
- 16.1-69.48:1.01 - Additional fee assessed for conviction of certain offenses
- 16.1-69.48:2 - Fees for services of district court judges and clerks and magistrates in civil cases
- 16.1-69.48:3 - Fees charged to drug offenders
- 16.1-69.48:4 - Costs generally
- 16.1-69.48:5 - Fees for services of juvenile and domestic relations district court judges and clerks in certain ci...
- 16.1-69.49 - Description unavailable
- 16.1-69.5 - Meaning of certain terms.
- 16.1-69.50 - Quarters for court and clerk.
- 16.1-69.51 - Books, supplies, etc.; how furnished; Committee to determine form of records.
- 16.1-69.51:1 - Display of flags in courtrooms
- 16.1-69.52 - Description unavailable
- 16.1-69.53 - Definitions; construction of references to period of years.
- 16.1-69.54 - General provisions.
- 16.1-69.55 - Retention of case records; limitations on enforcement of judgments; extensions.
- 16.1-69.56 - Retention of financial and administrative records.
- 16.1-69.57 - Destruction of court records.
- 16.1-69.58 - Processing, retention and reproduction of court records; retention and destruction of records in which final disposition was entered before January 1, 1985.
- 16.1-69.6 - Establishment of districts.
- 16.1-69.6:1 - Number of judges
- 16.1-69.7 - District courts.
- 16.1-69.7:1 - Description unavailable
- 16.1-69.8 - Existing courts continued and redesignated; exception.
- 16.1-69.9 - Judges in office continued; terms of judges; how elected or appointed.
- 16.1-69.9:1 - Appointment, terms, etc., of substitute judges
- 16.1-69.9:2 - Vacancies in office of judges; terms of successor judges; appointment while General Assembly not i...
- 16.1-69.9:3 - Investigation and certification of necessity before vacancies filled
- 16.1-69.9:4 - Same; election of successor judges
- Chapter 5 - Courts of Limited Jurisdiction (16.1-70 thru 16.1-75.1)
- Chapter 6 - Venue, Jurisdiction and Procedure in Civil Matters (16.1-76 thru 16.1-122.7)
- Chapter 7 - Jurisdiction and Procedure in Criminal Matters (16.1-123 thru 16.1-138)
- Chapter 8 - Juvenile and Domestic Relations Courts (16.1-139 thru 16.1-217.1)
- Chapter 9 - Judicial Conference of Virginia for District Courts (16.1-218 thru 16.1-221)
- Chapter 10 - Virginia Juvenile Justice Information System (16.1-222 thru 16.1-225)
- Chapter 11 - Juvenile and Domestic Relations District Courts (16.1-226 thru 16.1-361)
- 16.1-226 - Short title.
- 16.1-227 - Purpose and intent.
- 16.1-228 - Definitions.
- 16.1-229 - This chapter controlling in event of conflict.
- 16.1-230 - Organization and operation of juvenile and domestic relations district courts.
- 16.1-231 - Rules of procedure.
- 16.1-232 - Attorney for the Commonwealth to prosecute certain cases and represent Commonwealth on appeal.
- 16.1-233 - Department to develop court services; court services units; appointment and removal of employees; salaries.
- 16.1-234 - Duties of Department; provision of quarters, utilities, and office equipment to court service unit.
- 16.1-235 - How probation, parole and related court services provided.
- 16.1-235.1 - Provision of court services; replacement intake officers.
- 16.1-236 - Supervisory officers.
- 16.1-236.1 - Court services unit directors.
- 16.1-237 - Powers, duties and functions of probation and parole officers.
- 16.1-238 - Compensation of probation officers, court service staff members and related court service personnel; reimbursement; traveling and other expenses.
- 16.1-239 - Payment of traveling expenses of court officers; reimbursement.
- 16.1-240 - Citizens advisory council.
- 16.1-241 - Jurisdiction; consent for abortion.
- 16.1-241.1 - Description unavailable
- 16.1-241.2 - Proceedings against certain parents.
- 16.1-241.3 - Newborn children; substance abuse.
- 16.1-242 - Retention of jurisdiction.
- 16.1-242.1 - Retention of jurisdiction; appeals involving children in foster care.
- 16.1-243 - Venue.
- 16.1-244 - Concurrent jurisdiction; exceptions.
- 16.1-245 - Transfer from other courts.
- 16.1-245.1 - Medical evidence admissible in juvenile and domestic relations district court.
- 16.1-246 - When and how child may be taken into immediate custody.
- 16.1-247 - Duties of person taking child into custody.
- 16.1-248 - Description unavailable
- 16.1-248.1 - Criteria for detention or shelter care.
- 16.1-248.2 - Mental health screening and assessment for certain juveniles.
- 16.1-248.3 - Medical records of juveniles in secure facility.
- 16.1-249 - Places of confinement for juveniles.
- 16.1-249.1 - Places of confinement to give notice of intake of certain persons.
- 16.1-250 - Procedure for detention hearing.
- 16.1-250.1 - Description unavailable
- 16.1-251 - Emergency removal order.
- 16.1-252 - Preliminary removal order; hearing.
- 16.1-253 - Preliminary protective order.
- 16.1-253.1 - Preliminary protective orders in cases of family abuse; confidentiality.
- 16.1-253.2 - Violation of provisions of protective orders; penalty.
- 16.1-253.3 - Description unavailable
- 16.1-253.4 - Emergency protective orders authorized in certain cases; penalty.
- 16.1-254 - Responsibility for and limitation on transportation of children.
- 16.1-255 - Limitation on issuance of detention orders for juveniles; appearance by juvenile.
- 16.1-256 - Limitations as to issuance of warrants for juveniles; detention orders.
- 16.1-257 - Interference with or obstruction of officer; concealment or removal of child.
- 16.1-258 - Bonds and forfeitures thereof.
- 16.1-259 - Procedure in cases of adults.
- 16.1-260 - Intake; petition; investigation.
- 16.1-261 - Statements made at intake or mental health screening and assessment.
- 16.1-262 - Form and content of petition.
- 16.1-263 - Summonses.
- 16.1-264 - Service of summons; proof of service; penalty.
- 16.1-265 - Subpoena; attorney-issued subpoena.
- 16.1-266 - Appointment of counsel and guardian ad litem.
- 16.1-266.1 - Standards for attorneys appointed as guardians ad litem; list of qualified attorneys.
- 16.1-266.2 - Appointment of pro bono counsel by judges of the First and Second Judicial District in certain cases.
- 16.1-267 - Compensation of appointed counsel.
- 16.1-268 - Order of appointment.
- 16.1-269 - Description unavailable
- 16.1-269.1 - Trial in circuit court; preliminary hearing; direct indictment; remand.
- 16.1-269.2 - Admissibility of statement; investigation and report; bail.
- 16.1-269.3 - Retention by juvenile court; appeal.
- 16.1-269.4 - Transfer to circuit court; appeal by juvenile.
- 16.1-269.5 - Placement of juvenile.
- 16.1-269.6 - Circuit court hearing; jury; termination of juvenile court jurisdiction; objections and appeals.
- 16.1-270 - Waiver of jurisdiction of juvenile court in certain cases.
- 16.1-271 - Subsequent offenses by juvenile.
- 16.1-272 - Power of circuit court over juvenile offender.
- 16.1-272.1 - Claim of error to be raised within one year.
- 16.1-273 - Court may require investigation of social history and preparation of victim impact statement.
- 16.1-274 - Time for filing of reports; copies furnished to attorneys; amended reports; fees.
- 16.1-274.1 - Admission of evidence of juvenile's age.
- 16.1-275 - Physical and mental examinations and treatment; nursing and medical care.
- 16.1-276 - Fees and travel expenses of witnesses.
- 16.1-276.1 - Description unavailable
- 16.1-276.2 - Transportation orders in certain proceedings.
- 16.1-276.3 - Use of telephonic communication systems or electronic video and audio communication systems to conduct hearing.
- 16.1-277 - Description unavailable
- 16.1-277.01 - Approval of entrustment agreement.
- 16.1-277.02 - Petition for relief of care and custody.
- 16.1-277.1 - Time limitation.
- 16.1-278 - Cooperation of certain agencies, officials, institutions and associations.
- 16.1-278.1 - Definitions.
- 16.1-278.10 - Traffic infractions.
- 16.1-278.11 - Mental illness and mental retardation.
- 16.1-278.12 - When judicial consent in lieu of parental consent authorized.
- 16.1-278.13 - Work permits; petitions for treatment, etc.
- 16.1-278.14 - Criminal jurisdiction; protective orders; family offenses.
- 16.1-278.15 - Custody or visitation, child or spousal support generally.
- 16.1-278.16 - Failure to comply with support obligation; payroll deduction; commitment.
- 16.1-278.17 - Pendente lite support.
- 16.1-278.17:1 - Formula for determination of pendente lite spousal support.
- 16.1-278.18 - Money judgments.
- 16.1-278.19 - Attorneys' fees.
- 16.1-278.2 - Abused, neglected, or abandoned children or children without parental care.
- 16.1-278.3 - Relief of care and custody.
- 16.1-278.4 - Children in need of services.
- 16.1-278.5 - Children in need of supervision.
- 16.1-278.6 - Status offenders.
- 16.1-278.7 - Commitment to Department of Juvenile Justice.
- 16.1-278.7:01 - Department to give notice of the receipt of certain persons.
- 16.1-278.7:02 - Department to give notice of Sex Offender and Crimes Against Minors Registry requirements to certai...
- 16.1-278.8 - Delinquent juveniles.
- 16.1-278.8:01 - Juveniles found delinquent of first drug offense; screening; assessment; drug tests; costs and fees...
- 16.1-278.9 - Delinquent children; loss of driving privileges for alcohol, firearm, and drug offenses; truancy.
- 16.1-279 - Description unavailable
- 16.1-279.1 - Protective order in cases of family abuse.
- 16.1-280 - Commitment of juveniles with mental illness or mental retardation.
- 16.1-281 - Foster care plan.
- 16.1-282 - Foster care review.
- 16.1-282.1 - Permanency planning hearing for children in foster care.
- 16.1-282.2 - Annual foster care review.
- 16.1-283 - Termination of residual parental rights.
- 16.1-283.1 - Authority to enter into voluntary post-adoption contact and communication agreement.
- 16.1-284 - When adult sentenced for juvenile offense.
- 16.1-284.1 - Placement in secure local facility.
- 16.1-285 - Duration of commitments.
- 16.1-285.1 - Commitment of serious offenders.
- 16.1-285.2 - Release and review hearing for serious offender.
- 16.1-286 - Cost of maintenance; approval of placement; semiannual review.
- 16.1-287 - Transfer of information upon commitment; information to be furnished by and to local school boards.
- 16.1-288 - Protection of religious affiliations.
- 16.1-289 - Review of order of commitment.
- 16.1-289.1 - Motions to reconsider orders for participation in continuing programs.
- 16.1-290 - Support of committed juvenile; support from estate of juvenile.
- 16.1-290.1 - Payment for court-ordered counseling, treatment or programs.
- 16.1-291 - Revocation or modification of probation, protective supervision or parole; proceedings; disposition.
- 16.1-292 - Violation of court order by any person.
- 16.1-293 - Supervision of juvenile or person during commitment and on parole; placing juvenile in halfway house.
- 16.1-293.1 - Mental health services transition plan.
- 16.1-294 - Placing child on parole in foster home or with institution; how cost paid.
- 16.1-295 - Transfer of supervision from one county or city to another, or to another state.
- 16.1-296 - Jurisdiction of appeals; procedure.
- 16.1-296.1 - Description unavailable
- 16.1-296.2 - Appeals of certain custody and visitation proceedings.
- 16.1-297 - Final judgment; copy filed with juvenile court; proceeding may be remanded to juvenile court.
- 16.1-298 - Effect of petition for or pendency of appeal; bail.
- 16.1-299 - Fingerprints and photographs of juveniles.
- 16.1-299.1 - Sample required for DNA analysis upon conviction or adjudication of felony.
- 16.1-299.2 - Description unavailable
- 16.1-300 - Confidentiality of Department records.
- 16.1-301 - Confidentiality of juvenile law-enforcement records; disclosures to school principal.
- 16.1-302 - Dockets, indices and order books; when hearings and records private; right to public hearing; presence of juvenile in court.
- 16.1-302.1 - Right of victim or representative to attend certain proceedings; notice of hearings.
- 16.1-303 - Reports of court officials and employees when privileged.
- 16.1-304 - Description unavailable
- 16.1-305 - Confidentiality of court records.
- 16.1-305.1 - Disclosure of disposition in certain delinquency cases.
- 16.1-305.2 - Disclosure of notice of the filing of a petition and certain reports by division superintendent.
- 16.1-306 - Expungement of court records.
- 16.1-307 - Circuit court records regarding juveniles.
- 16.1-308 - Effect of adjudication on status of child.
- 16.1-309 - Penalty.
- 16.1-309.1 - Exception as to confidentiality.
- 16.1-309.10 - Visitation and management of detention homes; other facilities; reports of superintendent.
- 16.1-309.2 - Purpose and intent.
- 16.1-309.3 - Establishment of a community-based system of services; biennial local plan; quarterly report.
- 16.1-309.4 - Statewide plan for juvenile services.
- 16.1-309.5 - Construction, etc., of detention homes and other facilities; reimbursement in part by Commonwealth.
- 16.1-309.6 - How state appropriations for operating costs of Juvenile Community Crime Control Act programs determined; notice of financial aid.
- 16.1-309.7 - Determination of payment.
- 16.1-309.8 - Costs of maintenance of juveniles in Community Crime Control Act programs.
- 16.1-309.9 - Establishment of standards; determination of compliance.
- 16.1-310 - through 16.1-314
- 16.1-315 - Joint or regional citizen detention commissions authorized.
- 16.1-316 - Number and terms of members; admission of additional local governing bodies.
- 16.1-317 - Quorum; chairman; rules of procedure; compensation.
- 16.1-318 - Powers of commission generally; supervision by Director of Department of Juvenile Justice.
- 16.1-319 - Acquisition of property by commission.
- 16.1-320 - Property of commission exempt from execution and judgment liens.
- 16.1-321 - Appropriations by political subdivisions; issuance of bonds.
- 16.1-322 - Record of commission; reports.
- 16.1-322.1 - Apportionment of funds to localities or commissions operating juvenile secure detention facilities or programs; standards for apportionment.
- 16.1-322.2 - Payment of funds quarterly; distribution and reallocation of reserve.
- 16.1-322.3 - Localities and commissions to make monthly reports to Director; penalty for willfully falsifying information; procedure when locality or commission fails to make report.
- 16.1-322.4 - Payments for children from other counties or cities.
- 16.1-322.5 - State Board may authorize private construction, operation, etc., of local or regional detention homes, etc.
- 16.1-322.6 - Powers and duties not delegable to contractor.
- 16.1-322.7 - State Board to promulgate regulations.
- 16.1-323 - Governor to execute; form of compact.
- 16.1-323.1 - State Council for Interstate Compact for Juveniles.
- 16.1-324 - through 16.1-330
- 16.1-330.1 - Serious or Habitual Offender Comprehensive Action Program; definition; disclosure of information; penalty.
- 16.1-330.2 - Immunity.
- 16.1-331 - Petition for emancipation.
- 16.1-332 - Orders of court; investigation, report and appointment of counsel.
- 16.1-333 - Findings necessary to order that minor is emancipated.
- 16.1-334 - Effects of order.
- 16.1-334.1 - Identification card issued to minor by DMV.
- 16.1-335 - Short title.
- 16.1-336 - Definitions.
- 16.1-336.1 - Admission forms.
- 16.1-337 - Inpatient treatment of minors; general applicability; disclosure of records.
- 16.1-338 - Parental admission of minors younger than 14 and nonobjecting minors 14 years of age or older.
- 16.1-339 - Parental admission of an objecting minor 14 years of age or older.
- 16.1-339.1 - Minors in detention homes or shelter care facilities.
- 16.1-340 - Emergency custody; issuance and execution of order.
- 16.1-340.1 - Involuntary temporary detention; issuance and execution of order.
- 16.1-340.2 - Transportation of minor in the temporary detention process.
- 16.1-340.3 - Release of minor prior to commitment hearing for involuntary admission.
- 16.1-340.4 - Involuntary commitment; preadmission screening report.
- 16.1-341 - Involuntary commitment; petition; hearing scheduled; notice and appointment of counsel.
- 16.1-342 - Involuntary commitment; clinical evaluation.
- 16.1-343 - Involuntary commitment; duties of attorney for the minor.
- 16.1-344 - Involuntary commitment; hearing.
- 16.1-345 - Involuntary commitment; criteria.
- 16.1-345.1 - Use of electronic communication.
- 16.1-345.2 - Mandatory outpatient treatment; criteria; orders.
- 16.1-345.3 - Monitoring mandatory outpatient treatment; motion for review.
- 16.1-345.4 - Court review of mandatory outpatient treatment plan.
- 16.1-345.5 - Continuation of mandatory outpatient treatment order.
- 16.1-345.6 - Appeal of final order.
- 16.1-346 - Treatment plans; periodic review of status.
- 16.1-346.1 - Discharge plan.
- 16.1-347 - Fees and expenses for qualified evaluators.
- 16.1-348 - Availability of judge.
- 16.1-349 - Definitions.
- 16.1-350 - Petition for court approval of standby guardian.
- 16.1-351 - Court order approving standby guardianship; authority; when effective.
- 16.1-352 - Written designation of a standby guardian by a parent; commencement of authority; court approval required.
- 16.1-353 - Further proceedings to determine permanent guardianship, custody.
- 16.1-354 - Revocation, refusal, termination of standby guardianship.
- 16.1-355 - Review of standby guardianship.
- 16.1-356 - Raising question of competency to stand trial; evaluation and determination of competency.
- 16.1-357 - Disposition when juvenile found incompetent.
- 16.1-358 - Disposition of the unrestorably incompetent juvenile.
- 16.1-359 - Litigating certain issues when the juvenile is incompetent.
- 16.1-360 - Disclosure by juvenile during evaluation or restoration; use at guilt phase of trial adjudication or disposition hearing.
- 16.1-361 - Compensation of experts.