Title 55 - PROPERTY AND CONVEYANCES.
- Chapter 1 - Creation and Limitation of Estates; Their Qualities (55-1 thru 55-25.1)
- 55-1 - Aliens may acquire, hold and transmit real estate; when reciprocity required.
- 55-10 - Deed good for grantor's right; operation of warranty.
- 55-11 - Grant, etc., without words of limitation.
- 55-12 - Fee tail converted into fee simple.
- 55-12.1 - Uniform Statutory Rule Against Perpetuities.
- 55-12.2 - When nonvested property interest or power of appointment created.
- 55-12.3 - Reformation.
- 55-12.4 - Exclusions from statutory rule against perpetuities.
- 55-12.5 - Prospective application.
- 55-12.6 - Uniformity of application and construction.
- 55-13 - Certain limitations construed.
- 55-13.1 - Employee trusts.
- 55-13.2 - Determination of "lives in being" for purpose of rule against perpetuities.
- 55-13.3 - Application of the rule against perpetuities to nondonative transfers.
- 55-14 - Estate of freehold to one with remainder to heirs, etc.; rule in Shelley's Case abolished.
- 55-14.1 - Doctrine of worthier title abolished.
- 55-15 - When contingent remainder not to fail.
- 55-16 - When remainders not defeated.
- 55-17 - In what conveyances possession transferred to the use.
- 55-17.1 - Trusts not to fail because no beneficiaries are specified by name and no duties laid on trustee; when interest of beneficiaries deemed personal property; liens.
- 55-18 - Deed of release effectual.
- 55-19 - Description unavailable
- 55-19.1 - Description unavailable
- 55-19.2 - Description unavailable
- 55-19.3 - , 55-19.4
- 55-19.5 - Provision in certain trust void.
- 55-2 - When deed or will necessary to convey estate; no parol partition or gift valid.
- 55-20 - Survivorship between joint tenants abolished.
- 55-20.1 - Joint ownership in real and personal property.
- 55-20.2 - Tenants by the entireties in real and personal property; certain trusts.
- 55-21 - Exceptions to § 55-20.
- 55-22 - When person not a party, etc., may take or sue under instrument.
- 55-23 - Informalities in deeds made by attorneys-in-fact.
- 55-24 - Time for objections to irregularities in advertising sales made by trustees.
- 55-25 - Recovery at death of life tenant of taxes paid on life estate.
- 55-25.1 - Exercise of special powers of appointment.
- 55-3 - When gift of goods or chattels invalid.
- 55-4 - Suicide or attainder.
- 55-5 - Estates to lie in grant as well as in livery.
- 55-6 - Same estates may be created by deed as by will.
- 55-7 - Power of disposal in life tenant not to defeat remainder unless exercised; power of disposal held by fiduciary.
- 55-7.1 - , 55-7.2
- 55-8 - Default or surrender of tenant for life not to prejudice remainderman, etc.
- 55-9 - Conveyance of estate or interest in property by grantor to himself and another.
- Chapter 2 - Educational, Literary and Charitable Gifts, Devises, etc (55-26 thru 55-27)
- Chapter 2.1 - Uniform Custodial Trust Act (55-34.1 thru 55-34.19)
- 55-34.1 - Definitions.
- 55-34.10 - Determination of incapacity; effect.
- 55-34.11 - Exemption of third person from liability.
- 55-34.12 - Liability to third person; exceptions.
- 55-34.13 - Declination, resignation, incapacity, death, or removal of custodial trustee; designation of successor.
- 55-34.14 - Expenses, compensation, and bond of custodial trustee.
- 55-34.15 - Reporting and accounting by custodial trustee; determination of liability.
- 55-34.16 - Limitations of action against custodial trustee.
- 55-34.17 - Distribution on termination.
- 55-34.18 - Methods and forms for creating custodial trusts.
- 55-34.19 - Applicable law.
- 55-34.2 - Custodial trust; creation and termination; general provisions.
- 55-34.3 - Custodial trustee for future payment or transfer.
- 55-34.4 - Form and effect of receipt and acceptance by custodial trustee; jurisdiction.
- 55-34.5 - Transfer to custodial trustee by fiduciary or obligor; facility of payment.
- 55-34.6 - Multiple beneficiaries; separate custodial trusts; survivorship.
- 55-34.7 - General duties of custodial trustee.
- 55-34.8 - General powers of custodial trustee.
- 55-34.9 - Use of custodial trust property.
- Chapter 3 - Property Rights of Married Women (55-35 thru 55-47.1)
- 55-35 - How married women may acquire and dispose of property.
- 55-36 - Contracts of, and suits by and against, married women.
- 55-37 - Spouse not responsible for other spouse's contracts, etc.; mutual liability for necessaries; responsibility of personal representative.
- 55-38 - Wife's right of entry into land not barred by certain judgments; when she may defend her right in lands which are her inheritance.
- 55-39 - Rights of wife, etc., not affected by husband's acts only.
- 55-40 - Description unavailable
- 55-41 - Conveyance from husband and wife; effect on right of wife or husband.
- 55-42 - Description unavailable
- 55-42.1 - How infant spouse may release interests in spouse's property.
- 55-43 - Appointment of attorney in fact by married women; effect of writing executed by such attorney.
- 55-44 - , 55-45
- 55-46 - How estate of a married woman to pass at death.
- 55-47 - Description unavailable
- 55-47.01 - Equitable separate estates abolished.
- 55-47.1 - Tangible personal property.
- Chapter 4 - Form and Effect of Deeds and Covenants; Liens (55-48 thru 55-79.06)
- Chapter 4.1 - Horizontal Property (55-79.1 thru 55-79.38)
- 55-79.1 - Title.
- 55-79.10 - Merger not to bar subsequent horizontal property regime.
- 55-79.11 - Bylaws governing administration of buildings.
- 55-79.12 - Books and records; inspection; audit.
- 55-79.13 - Contributions by co-owners.
- 55-79.14 - Laws relating to exemptions made applicable; property taxes assessed on individual apartments.
- 55-79.15 - Payment of assessments upon conveyance of apartment.
- 55-79.16 - Developer to notify Board prior to offering project for sale.
- 55-79.17 - Notice to be accompanied by fee and questionnaire.
- 55-79.18 - Inspection of project by Board.
- 55-79.19 - Fee for inspection.
- 55-79.2 - Definitions.
- 55-79.20 - Waiver of initial inspection.
- 55-79.21 - Public reports by Board of examinations.
- 55-79.21:1 - Deposits to be held in escrow
- 55-79.21:2 - Management contract of developer limited to five years
- 55-79.22 - When preliminary report may be issued.
- 55-79.23 - Prerequisites to sale of units by developer; purchasers' receipts for reports.
- 55-79.24 - Subsequent investigations by Board; reports.
- 55-79.25 - Copies of Board's public report.
- 55-79.26 - Notice by developer of change in project.
- 55-79.27 - Hearings by Board.
- 55-79.28 - False statements or representations; violation of statute or order of Board.
- 55-79.29 - Investigation by Board upon belief of violation by developer; examination of records, etc.
- 55-79.3 - Establishment of horizontal property regime.
- 55-79.30 - Enjoining violations.
- 55-79.31 - Fees credited to special fund; expenditure.
- 55-79.32 - Chapter additional and supplemental.
- 55-79.33 - Supplemental rules and regulations by planning and zoning commissions.
- 55-79.34 - Partition.
- 55-79.35 - Liens or encumbrances.
- 55-79.36 - Rule against perpetuities; rule restricting unreasonable restraints on alienation.
- 55-79.37 - Liability of owner.
- 55-79.38 - Compliance by co-owner with bylaws and administrative rules and regulations.
- 55-79.4 - Apartments subject to individual titles and interests; recording; transfer of garage unit.
- 55-79.5 - Joint or common ownership.
- 55-79.6 - Exclusive and common rights of owners.
- 55-79.7 - Master deed or lease; recordation; particulars.
- 55-79.8 - Deeds of individual apartments.
- 55-79.9 - Regrouping or merger of estates with principal property.
- Chapter 4.2 - Condominium Act (55-79.39 thru 55-79.103)
- 55-79.100 - Cease and desist orders.
- 55-79.101 - Revocation of registration.
- 55-79.102 - Judicial review.
- 55-79.103 - Penalties.
- 55-79.39 - How chapter cited.
- 55-79.40 - Application and construction of chapter.
- 55-79.41 - Definitions.
- 55-79.41:1 - Variation by agreement
- 55-79.42 - Separate assessments, titles and taxation.
- 55-79.43 - County and municipal ordinances; nonconforming conversion condominiums; applicability of Uniform Statewide Building Code; other regulations.
- 55-79.44 - Eminent domain.
- 55-79.45 - How condominium may be created.
- 55-79.46 - Release of liens.
- 55-79.47 - Description of condominium units.
- 55-79.48 - Execution of condominium instruments.
- 55-79.49 - Recordation of condominium instruments.
- 55-79.50 - Construction of condominium instruments.
- 55-79.51 - Complementarity of condominium instruments; controlling construction.
- 55-79.52 - Validity of condominium instruments; discrimination prohibited.
- 55-79.53 - Compliance with condominium instruments.
- 55-79.54 - Contents of declaration.
- 55-79.55 - Allocation of interests in the common elements.
- 55-79.56 - Reallocation of interests in common elements.
- 55-79.57 - Assignments of limited common elements; conversion to common element.
- 55-79.58 - Contents of plats and plans.
- 55-79.58:1 - Bond to insure completion of improvements
- 55-79.59 - Preliminary recordation of plats and plans.
- 55-79.60 - Easement for encroachments.
- 55-79.61 - Conversion of convertible lands.
- 55-79.62 - Conversion of convertible spaces.
- 55-79.63 - Expansion of condominium.
- 55-79.64 - Contraction of condominium.
- 55-79.65 - Easement to facilitate conversion and expansion.
- 55-79.66 - Easement to facilitate sales.
- 55-79.67 - Declarant's obligation to complete and restore.
- 55-79.68 - Alterations within units.
- 55-79.69 - Relocation of boundaries between units.
- 55-79.70 - Subdivision of units.
- 55-79.71 - Amendment of condominium instruments.
- 55-79.71:1 - Use of technology
- 55-79.72 - Description unavailable
- 55-79.72:1 - Termination of condominium
- 55-79.72:2 - Rights of mortgagees
- 55-79.73 - Bylaws to be recorded with declaration; contents; unit owners' association; executive organ; amendment of bylaws.
- 55-79.73:1 - Amendment to condominium instruments; consent of mortgagee
- 55-79.74 - Control of condominium by declarant.
- 55-79.74:01 - Deposit of funds
- 55-79.74:1 - Books, minutes and records; inspection
- 55-79.74:2 - Management office
- 55-79.74:3 - Transfer of special declarant rights
- 55-79.74:4 - Declarants not succeeding to special declarant rights
- 55-79.75 - Meetings of unit owners' associations and executive organ.
- 55-79.75:1 - Distribution of information by members
- 55-79.75:2 - Display of the flag of the United States; necessary supporting structures; affirmative defens...
- 55-79.76 - Same; quorums.
- 55-79.77 - Same; voting.
- 55-79.78 - Officers.
- 55-79.79 - Upkeep of condominiums; warranty against structural defects; statute of limitations for warranty.
- 55-79.80 - Control of common elements.
- 55-79.80:01 - Common elements; notice of pesticide application
- 55-79.80:1 - Tort and contract liability; judgment lien
- 55-79.80:2 - Assessment of charges for violations; suspension of services for failure to pay assessments; hearin...
- 55-79.80:3 - Power of unit owners' association to limit occupancy of a unit
- 55-79.81 - Insurance.
- 55-79.82 - Description unavailable
- 55-79.83 - Liability for common expenses.
- 55-79.83:1 - Reserves for capital components
- 55-79.84 - Lien for assessments.
- 55-79.84:1 - Bond to be posted by declarant
- 55-79.85 - Restraints on alienation.
- 55-79.86 - Administrative agency.
- 55-79.87 - Exemptions from certain provisions of article.
- 55-79.88 - Limitations on dispositions of units.
- 55-79.89 - Application for registration; fee.
- 55-79.90 - Public offering statement; condominium securities.
- 55-79.91 - Inquiry and examination.
- 55-79.92 - Notice of filing and registration.
- 55-79.93 - Annual report by declarant; termination of registration.
- 55-79.93:1 - Annual report by unit owners' association
- 55-79.94 - Conversion condominiums; special provisions.
- 55-79.95 - Escrow of deposits.
- Chapter 5 - Fraudulent and Voluntary Conveyances, Bulk and Conditional Sales, etc.; Writings Necessary to Be Re... (55-80 thru 55-105)
- Chapter 6 - Recordation of Documents (55-106 thru 55-142.15)
- Chapter 7 - Factors, Agents, etc. (55-143 thru 55-152)
- Chapter 8 - Clouds on Title (55-153 thru 55-155)
- Chapter 9 - Assignments for Benefit of Creditors (55-156 thru 55-167)
- Chapter 10 - Escheats Generally (55-168 thru 55-201.1)
- 55-168 - Appointment of escheators.
- 55-169 - Their bond; their removal.
- 55-170 - Increase or reduction of penalty of their bonds; its effect.
- 55-170.1 - Definition.
- 55-171 - Annual report to escheator; lands not liable.
- 55-172 - Escheator to hold inquest; notice thereof.
- 55-173 - Jury of inquest, how summoned, etc.; evidence, how given.
- 55-174 - Attendance of jurors.
- 55-175 - How verdict signed; where returned and recorded.
- 55-176 - Proceedings to claim land escheated.
- 55-177 - Trial by jury; judgment of court.
- 55-178 - Facts or evidence to be certified.
- 55-179 - Lands may be committed to claimant while claim pending.
- 55-180 - Disposition thereof, if not so committed.
- 55-181 - Escheator to notify State Treasurer of claim and decision.
- 55-182 - Escheators to certify lands escheated.
- 55-182.1 - Removal of parcels from the certificate.
- 55-182.2 - Escheat of property with hazardous materials.
- 55-183 - Publication of escheator's certificate.
- 55-184 - Description unavailable
- 55-184.1 - Order of sale by Governor.
- 55-184.2 - Form of sale agreement; notice of right to refund.
- 55-185 - Description unavailable
- 55-186 - When grant to issue to purchaser; reimbursable expenses.
- 55-186.1 - In what form grant to issue.
- 55-186.2 - Governor to sign and seal grant; Librarian of Virginia to record it, etc.; delivery to and by State Treasurer.
- 55-186.3 - Unrecorded escheat grants; original lost or destroyed; certified copy of grant.
- 55-187 - Resale in case of default.
- 55-188 - Description unavailable
- 55-189 - Reports by escheators to State Treasurer; payment of moneys into state treasury.
- 55-190 - Reports by State Treasurer to the Governor; penalty on escheators for failure of duty.
- 55-190.1 - State Treasurer may examine records of any commissioner of the revenue or escheator.
- 55-191 - When State Treasurer to issue grant to purchaser.
- 55-192 - Escheator's pay.
- 55-193 - Escheat of estates in trust and equitable titles.
- 55-194 - Provision in favor of tenant of escheated land.
- 55-195 - In favor of creditor of decedent.
- 55-196 - Escheators to defend on behalf of Commonwealth.
- 55-197 - Recovery by escheator of decedent's escheated residuum, and of property derelict; fee.
- 55-198 - Publication of suit; what to state and require.
- 55-199 - Decree of the court.
- 55-200 - How money paid into state treasury from escheats may be recovered.
- 55-200.1 - Rules and regulations of the State Treasurer.
- 55-201 - Continuation of certain statutes.
- 55-201.1 - Pendency of escheat proceedings no bar to condemnation proceedings.
- Chapter 11 - Estrays and Drift Property (55-202 thru 55-210)
- 55-202 - Estray, or boat adrift, to be valued and described.
- 55-203 - Valuation, etc., to be recorded and posted.
- 55-204 - When landowner, etc., entitled to the property.
- 55-205 - Right of recovery by former owner.
- 55-206 - When landowner, etc., not liable.
- 55-207 - Who entitled to drift property.
- 55-208 - Conditions on which owner may remove it.
- 55-209 - When owner of land may sell drift property; owner of property entitled to proceeds after payment of expenses, etc.
- 55-210 - Right of property to be proved.
- Chapter 11.1 - Disposition of Unclaimed Property (55-210.1 thru 55-210.30)
- 55-210.1 - Citation of chapter.
- 55-210.10 - Description unavailable
- 55-210.10:1 - Employee benefit trust distribution
- 55-210.10:2 - Holder of tangible or intangible personal property may voluntarily report same
- 55-210.11 - When certain property not presumed abandoned in this Commonwealth.
- 55-210.11:01 - Interstate agreements and cooperation
- 55-210.11:1 - Description unavailable
- 55-210.12 - Report and remittance to be made by holder of funds or property presumed abandoned; holder to exercise due diligence to locate owner.
- 55-210.12:1 - Description unavailable
- 55-210.13 - Notices to be published by State Treasurer.
- 55-210.14 - Description unavailable
- 55-210.15 - Holder relieved of liability for property paid or delivered to administrator; payment to owner by holder; proceedings against prior holder; notice to administrator and Attorney General; re
- 55-210.16 - Description unavailable
- 55-210.16:1 - Crediting of dividends, interest, or increments to owner's account
- 55-210.17 - Periods of limitation.
- 55-210.18 - Sale of abandoned property by administrator.
- 55-210.18:1 - When securities received in name of owner
- 55-210.19 - Disposition of funds received under chapter; records to be kept by administrator.
- 55-210.2 - Definitions.
- 55-210.2:1 - Property presumed abandoned; general rule
- 55-210.2:2 - General rules for taking custody of intangible unclaimed property
- 55-210.20 - Filing claim to property or proceeds of sale thereof.
- 55-210.21 - Consideration of and hearing on claim by State Treasurer; payment; interest.
- 55-210.22 - Judicial review of decision of State Treasurer.
- 55-210.23 - Election of State Treasurer not to receive property or to postpone taking possession of funds.
- 55-210.24 - Requests for verified reports and examinations of records.
- 55-210.24:1 - Retention of records
- 55-210.24:2 - Confidentiality of information and records
- 55-210.25 - Enforcement of chapter.
- 55-210.26 - Description unavailable
- 55-210.26:1 - Interest and penalties
- 55-210.27 - Determinations; appeal procedures; rules and regulations of State Treasurer.
- 55-210.27:1 - Agreements to locate reported property; penalty
- 55-210.28 - Property presumed abandoned or escheated under laws of another state.
- 55-210.28:1 - Property held or payable pursuant to Title 51.1
- 55-210.29 - Construction of chapter.
- 55-210.3 - Description unavailable
- 55-210.3:01 - Bank deposits and funds in financial organizations
- 55-210.3:02 - Travelers' checks and money orders
- 55-210.3:1 - Description unavailable
- 55-210.3:2 - Checks, drafts and similar instruments issued or certified by banking and financial organization...
- 55-210.3:3 - Contents of safe deposit box or other safekeeping repository
- 55-210.30 - Severability.
- 55-210.4 - Description unavailable
- 55-210.4:01 - Funds owing under life insurance policies
- 55-210.4:1 - When intangible personal property held by insurance corporation subject to { 55-210.2:1
- 55-210.4:2 - Unclaimed demutualization proceeds
- 55-210.5 - Deposits held by utilities.
- 55-210.6 - Description unavailable
- 55-210.6:1 - When intangible interest in business association presumed abandoned
- 55-210.6:2 - Refunds held by business associations
- 55-210.7 - Property of business associations held in course of dissolution.
- 55-210.8 - When intangible personal property held in fiduciary capacity presumed abandoned.
- 55-210.8:1 - Gift certificates and credit balances
- 55-210.8:2 - Wages
- 55-210.9 - When intangible property held for owner by public agency presumed abandoned.
- 55-210.9:1 - Property held by courts
- 55-210.9:2 - Responsibilities of general receiver and clerk
- Chapter 11.2 - Property Loaned to Museums (55-210.31 thru 55-210.38)
- 55-210.31 - Definitions.
- 55-210.32 - Status of loaned property; statute of limitations on recovery.
- 55-210.33 - Notice to lenders of the provisions of this chapter.
- 55-210.34 - Status of title to property acquired from museum.
- 55-210.35 - Notice of termination of loan; content.
- 55-210.36 - Procedure for giving notice; responsibility of owner.
- 55-210.37 - Acquiring title to undocumented property.
- 55-210.38 - Status of property loaned to or deposited with museum prior to July 1, 2002.
- Chapter 12 - Waste (55-211 thru 55-216)
- 55-211 - Persons in possession liable for waste.
- 55-212 - Also tenant in common, etc.
- 55-213 - Also guardian or conservator.
- 55-214 - Action therefor; if waste wanton, double damages.
- 55-215 - Waste for tenant to sell or remove manure from leased premises.
- 55-216 - Waste committed during pendency of suit.
- Chapter 13 - Landlord and Tenant (55-217 thru 55-248)
- 55-217 - Grantees and assignees to have same rights against lessees as lessors, etc.
- 55-218 - Lessees, etc., to have same rights against grantees, etc., as against lessors.
- 55-218.1 - Appointment of resident agent by nonresident property owner; service of process, etc., on such agent or on Secretary of the Commonwealth.
- 55-219 - Apportionment on purchase of part of land by holder of rent, etc.
- 55-220 - What powers to pass to grantee or devisee; when attornment unnecessary.
- 55-220.1 - Perfection of lien or interest in leases, rents and profits.
- 55-221 - When attornment void.
- 55-221.1 - Community land trusts not considered landlords.
- 55-222 - Notice to terminate a tenancy; on whom served; when necessary.
- 55-222.1 - Description unavailable
- 55-223 - Effect of failure of tenant to vacate premises at expiration of term.
- 55-224 - When tenant deserts premises, how landlord may enter, etc.
- 55-225 - Failure to pay certain rents after five days' notice forfeits right of possession.
- 55-225.1 - Recovery of possession limited.
- 55-225.10 - Notice to tenant in event of foreclosure.
- 55-225.2 - Remedies for landlord's unlawful ouster, exclusion or diminution of service.
- 55-225.3 - Landlord to maintain dwelling unit.
- 55-225.4 - Tenant to maintain dwelling unit.
- 55-225.5 - Access following entry of certain court orders.
- 55-225.6 - Inspection of dwelling unit.
- 55-225.7 - Disclosure of mold in dwelling units.
- 55-225.8 - Definitions for residential dwelling units subject to this chapter.
- 55-225.9 - Relocation of tenant where mold remediation needs to be performed in the dwelling unit.
- 55-226 - Buildings destroyed or lessee deprived of possession; covenant to pay rent or repair; reduction of rent.
- 55-226.1 - Security systems for commercial rental property.
- 55-226.2 - Energy submetering, energy allocation equipment, sewer and water submetering equipment, ratio utility billings systems.
- 55-227 - Remedy for rent and for use and occupation.
- 55-228 - Who may recover rent, etc.
- 55-229 - Who liable for rent.
- 55-230 - When and by whom distress made.
- 55-230.1 - Procedure for trial on warrant in distress.
- 55-231 - On what goods levied; to what extent goods liable; priorities between landlord and other lienors.
- 55-232 - Procedure when distress levied and tenant unable to give forthcoming bond; what defense may be made.
- 55-232.1 - Description unavailable
- 55-232.2 - Review of decision to issue ex parte order or process; claim of exemption.
- 55-233 - On what terms purchasers and lienors inferior to landlord may remove goods; certain liens not affected.
- 55-234 - When goods of an undertenant may be removed from leased premises.
- 55-235 - When officer may enter by force to levy distress or attachment.
- 55-236 - When distress not unlawful because of irregularity, etc.
- 55-237 - Return of execution; process of sale thereunder.
- 55-237.1 - Authority of sheriffs to store and sell personal property removed from premises; recovery of possession by owner; disposition or sale.
- 55-238 - Remedy when rent is to be paid in other thing than money.
- 55-239 - Proceedings to establish right of reentry, and judgment therefor.
- 55-240 - When defendant barred of relief.
- 55-241 - How trustee or mortgagee relieved from the forfeiture.
- 55-242 - How owner, etc., relieved in equity.
- 55-243 - How judgment of forfeiture prevented.
- 55-244 - When suit for reentry brought.
- 55-245 - Written act of reentry to be returned and recorded, and certificate thereof published.
- 55-246 - Fee of clerk.
- 55-246.1 - Who may recover rent or possession.
- 55-247 - How person entitled, etc., to lands may be restored to his possession.
- 55-248 - Limitation of suit, etc., against person in possession by reentry.
- Chapter 13.1 - Rent Control (55-248.1)
- Chapter 13.2 - Virginia Residential Landlord and Tenant Act (55-248.2 thru 55-248.40)
- 55-248.10 - Description unavailable
- 55-248.10:1 - Landlord and tenant remedies for abuse of access
- 55-248.11 - Description unavailable
- 55-248.11:1 - Inspection of premises
- 55-248.11:2 - Disclosure of mold in dwelling units
- 55-248.12 - Disclosure.
- 55-248.12:1 - Required disclosures for properties located adjacent to a military air installation; remedy for non...
- 55-248.13 - Landlord to maintain fit premises.
- 55-248.13:1 - Landlord to provide locks and peepholes
- 55-248.13:2 - Access of tenant to cable, satellite and other television facilities
- 55-248.13:3 - Notice to tenants for insecticide or pesticide use
- 55-248.14 - Limitation of liability.
- 55-248.15 - Tenancy at will; effect of notice of change of terms or provisions of tenancy.
- 55-248.15:1 - Security deposits
- 55-248.15:2 - Schedule of interest rates on security deposits
- 55-248.16 - Tenant to maintain dwelling unit.
- 55-248.17 - Rules and regulations.
- 55-248.18 - Access; consent; correction of nonemergency conditions; relocation of tenant.
- 55-248.18:1 - Access following entry of certain court orders.
- 55-248.18:2 - Relocation of tenant where mold remediation needs to be performed in the dwelling unit
- 55-248.19 - Use and occupancy by tenant.
- 55-248.2 - Short title.
- 55-248.20 - Tenant to surrender possession of dwelling unit.
- 55-248.21 - Noncompliance by landlord.
- 55-248.21:1 - Early termination of rental agreement by military personnel
- 55-248.22 - Failure to deliver possession.
- 55-248.23 - Wrongful failure to supply heat, water, hot water or essential services.
- 55-248.24 - Fire or casualty damage.
- 55-248.25 - Landlord's noncompliance as defense to action for possession for nonpayment of rent.
- 55-248.25:1 - Rent escrow required for continuance of tenant's case
- 55-248.26 - Tenant's remedies for landlord's unlawful ouster, exclusion or diminution of service.
- 55-248.27 - Tenant's assertion; rent escrow.
- 55-248.28 - through 55-248.30
- 55-248.3 - Purposes of chapter.
- 55-248.3:1 - Applicability of chapter
- 55-248.31 - Noncompliance with rental agreement; monetary penalty.
- 55-248.31:01 - Barring guest or invitee of tenants
- 55-248.31:1 - Sheriffs authorized to serve certain notices; fees therefor
- 55-248.32 - Remedy by repair, etc.; emergencies.
- 55-248.33 - Remedies for absence, nonuse and abandonment.
- 55-248.34 - Description unavailable
- 55-248.34:1 - Landlord's acceptance of rent with reservation
- 55-248.35 - Remedy after termination.
- 55-248.36 - Recovery of possession limited.
- 55-248.37 - Periodic tenancy; holdover remedies.
- 55-248.38 - Description unavailable
- 55-248.38:1 - Disposal of property abandoned by tenants
- 55-248.38:2 - Authority of sheriffs to store and sell personal property removed from residential premises; recove...
- 55-248.38:3 - Disposal of property of deceased tenants
- 55-248.39 - Retaliatory conduct prohibited.
- 55-248.4 - Definitions.
- 55-248.40 - Actions to enforce chapter.
- 55-248.5 - Exemptions; exception to exemption.
- 55-248.6 - Notice.
- 55-248.6:1 - Application fees
- 55-248.7 - Terms and conditions of rental agreement; copy for tenant.
- 55-248.7:1 - Prepaid rent; maintenance of escrow account
- 55-248.7:2 - Landlord may obtain certain insurance for tenant
- 55-248.8 - Effect of unsigned or undelivered rental agreement.
- 55-248.9 - Prohibited provisions in rental agreements.
- 55-248.9:1 - Confidentiality of tenant records
- Chapter 13.3 - Manufactured Home Lot Rental Act (55-248.41 thru 55-248.52)
- 55-248.41 - Definitions.
- 55-248.42 - Written agreement required.
- 55-248.42:1 - Term of rental agreement; renewal; security deposits
- 55-248.43 - Landlord's obligations.
- 55-248.44 - Tenant's obligations.
- 55-248.44:1 - Rent; liability of secured party taking possession of an abandoned manufactured home
- 55-248.45 - Demands and charges prohibited; access by tenant's invitees; purchases by manufactured home owner not restricted; exception; conditions of occupancy.
- 55-248.45:1 - Charge for utility service
- 55-248.46 - Termination of tenancy.
- 55-248.46:1 - Waiver of landlord's right to terminate
- 55-248.47 - Sale or lease of manufactured home by owner.
- 55-248.48 - Other provisions of law applicable.
- 55-248.49 - Power of local governments over manufactured home parks.
- 55-248.50 - Retaliatory conduct prohibited.
- 55-248.50:1 - Eviction of resident
- 55-248.50:2 - Right to sell home upon eviction
- 55-248.51 - Penalties for violation of chapter.
- 55-248.52 - Injunctive relief.
- Chapter 14 - Emblements (55-249 thru 55-252)
- Chapter 15 - Apportionment of Moneys; Management of Institutional Funds (55-253 thru 55-277)
- 55-253 - through 55-268
- 55-268.1 - through 0
- 55-268.11 - Short title.
- 55-268.12 - Definitions.
- 55-268.13 - Standard of conduct in managing and investing institutional fund.
- 55-268.14 - Appropriation for expenditure or accumulation of endowment fund; rules of construction.
- 55-268.15 - Delegation of management and investment functions.
- 55-268.16 - Release or modification of restrictions on management, investment, or purpose.
- 55-268.17 - Reviewing compliance.
- 55-268.18 - Application to existing institutional funds.
- 55-268.19 - Relation to Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act.
- 55-268.20 - Uniformity of application and construction.
- 55-269 - Description unavailable
- 55-269.1 - Annuity table.
- 55-270 - Rule of calculation.
- 55-271 - Example.
- 55-272 - Description unavailable
- 55-272.1 - Table of uniform seniority.
- 55-273 - Rules of calculation under § 55-272.1.
- 55-274 - Makehamized mortality table.
- 55-275 - Description unavailable
- 55-276 - Commutation in case of persons under disability.
- 55-277 - Commutation of certain life estates.
- Chapter 15.1 - Uniform Principal and Income Act (55-277.1 thru 55-277.33)
- 55-277.1 - Short title.
- 55-277.10 - Character of receipts.
- 55-277.11 - Distribution from trust or estate.
- 55-277.12 - Business and other activities conducted by trustee.
- 55-277.13 - Principal receipts.
- 55-277.14 - Rental property.
- 55-277.15 - Obligation to pay money.
- 55-277.16 - Insurance policies and similar.
- 55-277.17 - Insubstantial allocations not required.
- 55-277.18 - Deferred compensation, annuities, and similar payments.
- 55-277.19 - Liquidating asset.
- 55-277.2 - Definitions.
- 55-277.20 - Minerals, water, and other natural resources.
- 55-277.21 - Timber.
- 55-277.22 - Property not productive of income.
- 55-277.23 - Derivatives and options.
- 55-277.24 - Asset-backed securities.
- 55-277.25 - Disbursements from income.
- 55-277.26 - Disbursements from principal.
- 55-277.27 - Transfers from income to principal for depreciation.
- 55-277.28 - Transfers from income to reimburse principal.
- 55-277.29 - Income taxes.
- 55-277.3 - Fiduciary duties; general principles.
- 55-277.30 - Adjustments between principal and income because of taxes.
- 55-277.31 - Expenses and receipts; nontrust estates.
- 55-277.32 - Uniformity of application and construction.
- 55-277.33 - Application of chapter to existing trusts decedent's estates and nontrust estates.
- 55-277.4 - Fiduciary's power to adjust.
- 55-277.4:1 - Total return unitrust
- 55-277.5 - Determination and distribution of net income.
- 55-277.6 - Distribution to residuary and remainder beneficiaries.
- 55-277.7 - When right to income begins and ends.
- 55-277.8 - Apportionment of receipts and disbursements when decedent dies or income interest begins.
- 55-277.9 - Apportionment when income interest ends.
- Chapter 16 - Release of Powers of Appointment (55-278 thru 55-286.2)
- 55-278 - Definitions.
- 55-279 - Right to release.
- 55-280 - Manner of effecting release.
- 55-281 - Release heretofore made.
- 55-282 - Right of release not exclusive.
- 55-283 - Delivery of release or copy to person in possession or control of property.
- 55-284 - Recordation, etc., as notice to purchaser or mortgagee of property.
- 55-285 - Recordation in deed book; indexing; fee.
- 55-286 - Release not invalid for failure to comply with either § 55-283 or §
- 55-286.1 - Release as disclaimer.
- 55-286.2 - Interaction with disclaimer rules.
- Chapter 17 - Virginia Coordinate System (55-287 thru 55-297.2)
- 55-287 - Virginia coordinate systems designated.
- 55-288 - Description unavailable
- 55-288.1 - North and South Zones.
- 55-289 - Designation of systems in land description.
- 55-290 - Plane coordinates used in systems.
- 55-291 - Tract of land lying in both coordinate zones.
- 55-292 - Definition of systems by National Ocean Survey/National Geodetic Survey; adopted.
- 55-293 - Position of systems.
- 55-294 - Limitation on use of systems.
- 55-295 - Limitation on use of name of systems.
- 55-296 - Use of system not compulsory.
- 55-297 - Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University designated as administrative agency.
- 55-297.1 - Description unavailable
- 55-297.2 - Description unavailable
- Chapter 18 - Trespasses; Fences (55-298 thru 55-335)
- 55-298 - Description unavailable
- 55-298.1 - Unlawful to sell, distribute, construct, install, maintain or use certain electric fences upon agricultural land except as provided in §
- 55-298.2 - Unlawful to sell other controlling devices unless they meet certain standards.
- 55-298.3 - Exceptions to § 55-298.2.
- 55-298.4 - Definition.
- 55-298.5 - Penalty.
- 55-299 - Definition of lawful fence.
- 55-300 - Court may declare stream of water or canal a lawful fence; proceeding therefor.
- 55-301 - Revocation of order.
- 55-302 - Boundary lines of certain low grounds on James River a lawful fence.
- 55-303 - Statutes declaring watercourses lawful fences continued.
- 55-304 - Property owner may place cattle guards or gates across right-of-way.
- 55-305 - Persons having easement may replace gate with cattle guard; maintenance and use thereof; deemed lawful gate.
- 55-306 - Damages for trespass by animals; punitive and double damages.
- 55-307 - Lien on animals.
- 55-308 - Impounding animals.
- 55-309 - Duty to issue warrant when animal impounded.
- 55-310 - How governing body of county may make local fence law.
- 55-311 - Effect of such law on certain fences.
- 55-312 - Application to railroad companies.
- 55-313 - No authority to adopt more stringent fence laws.
- 55-314 - Effect on existing fence laws or no-fence laws.
- 55-315 - Lands under quarantine.
- 55-316 - When unlawful for animals to run at large.
- 55-317 - Obligation to provide division fences.
- 55-318 - When no division fence has been built.
- 55-319 - When division fence already built.
- 55-320 - Recovery of amount due in connection with division fence.
- 55-321 - Requirements for agreement to bind successors in title; subsequent owners.
- 55-322 - How notice given.
- 55-323 - Courts to fix boundaries of villages to prevent animals from running at large.
- 55-324 - Petition for action under § 55-323.
- 55-325 - Entry of order if petition not contested.
- 55-326 - Procedure in case of contest.
- 55-327 - Order of court.
- 55-328 - Animals may not run at large after entry of order.
- 55-329 - Costs; by whom fines imposed.
- 55-330 - Owner of animals liable for trespasses.
- 55-331 - Damages recoverable for timber cutting.
- 55-332 - Procedure for determination of damage.
- 55-333 - Description unavailable
- 55-334 - When person damaged may proceed in court.
- 55-334.1 - Larceny of timber; penalty.
- 55-335 - Effect of article.
- Chapter 19 - Subdivided Land Sales Act (55-336 thru 55-351)
- 55-336 - Short title.
- 55-337 - Definitions.
- 55-338 - Exemptions.
- 55-339 - through 55-340.1
- 55-341 - Transfer of ownership.
- 55-342 - Blanket encumbrances.
- 55-343 - Restraints on alienation.
- 55-344 - Management, regulation and control of subdivisions in which there are common facilities or property owners' associations.
- 55-345 - , 55-346
- 55-347 - Penalties.
- 55-348 - Description unavailable
- 55-349 - Description unavailable
- 55-350 - Description unavailable
- 55-351 - Description unavailable
- Chapter 20 - Virginia Solar Easements Act (55-352 thru 55-355)
- Chapter 21 - The Virginia Real Estate Time-Share Act (55-360 thru 55-400)
- 55-360 - Title.
- 55-361 - Description unavailable
- 55-361.1 - Applicability.
- 55-362 - Definitions.
- 55-362.1 - Administrative agency.
- 55-363 - Status of time-share estates with respect to real property interests.
- 55-364 - Applicability of local ordinances, regulations, and building codes.
- 55-364.1 - Use of terms.
- 55-365 - Description unavailable
- 55-365.1 - Severability of provisions of time-share instruments.
- 55-366 - Time-sharing permitted.
- 55-367 - Instruments.
- 55-368 - Time-share instrument for time-share estate project.
- 55-369 - Developer control in time-share estate program.
- 55-370 - Time-share estate owners' association control liens.
- 55-370.01 - Time-share owners' association books and records; meetings; use of e-mail.
- 55-370.1 - Time-share estate owners' association annual report.
- 55-371 - Time-share instrument for project.
- 55-372 - Partition.
- 55-373 - Termination of certain time-shares.
- 55-374 - Public offering statement.
- 55-374.1 - Certain advertising practices regulated.
- 55-374.2 - Exchange programs.
- 55-375 - Escrow of deposits.
- 55-376 - Purchaser's rights of cancellation.
- 55-376.1 - Possibility of reverter.
- 55-376.2 - Recording and delivery of deed.
- 55-376.3 - Liability limited; liability actions prohibited.
- 55-376.4 - Warning required.
- 55-377 - , 55-378
- 55-379 - Description unavailable
- 55-380 - Resale of time-shares.
- 55-381 - Liens.
- 55-382 - Effect of violations on rights of action; attorney's fees; prior determination of Real Estate Board required for certain violations.
- 55-383 - Statute of limitations; actions; limitation on rescission rights.
- 55-384 - Class actions.
- 55-385 - Financial records.
- 55-386 - Developer's obligation to complete.
- 55-387 - Financing of time-share programs.
- 55-388 - Purchaser's rights under developer's foreclosure.
- 55-389 - Protection of lien holder.
- 55-390 - Registration of time-share program required.
- 55-391 - Description unavailable
- 55-391.1 - Application for registration.
- 55-392 - Description unavailable
- 55-392.1 - Filing fee.
- 55-393 - Description unavailable
- 55-393.1 - Receipt of application; effectiveness of registration.
- 55-394 - Description unavailable
- 55-394.1 - Annual report; amendments; termination of registration.
- 55-395 - Description unavailable
- 55-396 - General powers and duties of Board.
- 55-397 - Cancellation of cease and desist order; reinstatement of registration of developer.
- 55-398 - Board regulation of public offering statement.
- 55-399 - Investigations.
- 55-399.1 - Proceedings before the Board.
- 55-400 - Penalties.
- Chapter 22 - Acts Barring Property Rights (55-401 thru 55-415)
- 55-401 - Definitions.
- 55-402 - Slayers not to acquire property as result of slaying.
- 55-403 - Descent, distribution and statutory rights as survivor.
- 55-404 - Devise or legacy.
- 55-405 - Concurrent ownership with survivorship.
- 55-406 - Concurrent ownership without survivorship.
- 55-407 - Reversions and vested remainders.
- 55-408 - Interests dependent on survivorship or continuance of life.
- 55-409 - Contingent remainders and future interests.
- 55-410 - Powers of appointment.
- 55-411 - Proceeds of insurance and bona fide payment by insurance company or obligor.
- 55-412 - Persons acquiring from slayer protected.
- 55-413 - Record determining slayer admissible.
- 55-414 - Construction.
- 55-415 - Uniform Simultaneous Death Act not applicable.
- Chapter 23 - Virginia Self-Service Storage Act (55-416 thru 55-423)
- Chapter 24 - Virginia Real Estate Cooperative Act (55-424 thru 55-506)
- 55-424 - Title.
- 55-425 - Applicability.
- 55-426 - Definitions.
- 55-427 - Variation by agreement.
- 55-428 - Property classification of cooperative interests; taxation.
- 55-429 - Applicability of local ordinances, regulations and building codes; county and municipal authority.
- 55-430 - Eminent domain.
- 55-431 - General principles of law applicable.
- 55-432 - Construction against implicit repeal.
- 55-433 - Uniformity of application and construction.
- 55-434 - Unconscionable agreement or term of contract.
- 55-435 - Obligation of good faith.
- 55-436 - Remedies to be liberally administered.
- 55-437 - Description unavailable
- 55-438 - Creation of cooperative ownership.
- 55-439 - Unit boundaries.
- 55-440 - Construction and validity of declaration and bylaws.
- 55-441 - Description of units.
- 55-442 - Contents of declaration.
- 55-443 - Leasehold cooperatives.
- 55-444 - Allocation of ownership interests, votes and common expense liabilities.
- 55-445 - Limited common elements.
- 55-446 - Exercise of development rights.
- 55-447 - Alterations of units.
- 55-448 - Relocation of boundaries between adjoining units.
- 55-449 - Subdivision of units.
- 55-450 - Easement for encroachments.
- 55-451 - Use for sales purposes.
- 55-452 - Easement rights.
- 55-453 - Amendment of declaration.
- 55-454 - Termination of cooperative ownership.
- 55-455 - Rights of secured lenders.
- 55-456 - Master associations.
- 55-457 - Merger or consolidation of cooperatives.
- 55-458 - Organization of the association.
- 55-459 - Powers of the association.
- 55-460 - Executive board members and officers.
- 55-461 - Transfer of special declarant rights.
- 55-462 - Termination of contracts and leases of declarant.
- 55-463 - Bylaws.
- 55-464 - Upkeep of cooperative.
- 55-464.1 - Common elements; notice of pesticide application.
- 55-465 - Meetings.
- 55-466 - Quorums.
- 55-467 - Voting; proxies.
- 55-468 - Tort and contract liability.
- 55-469 - Conveyance or encumbrance of the cooperative.
- 55-470 - Insurance.
- 55-471 - Assessments for common expenses.
- 55-471.1 - Reserves for capital components.
- 55-472 - Remedies for nonpayment of assessments.
- 55-473 - Other liens affecting the cooperative.
- 55-473.1 - Limitation of assumption of debt and encumbrances.
- 55-474 - Association records.
- 55-475 - Association as trustee.
- 55-476 - Applicability; waiver.
- 55-477 - Liability for public offering statement; requirements.
- 55-478 - Public offering statement; general provisions.
- 55-479 - Public offering statement; cooperatives subject to development rights.
- 55-480 - Public offering statement; time shares.
- 55-481 - Public offering statement; cooperatives containing conversion building.
- 55-482 - Public offering statement; cooperative securities.
- 55-483 - Purchaser's right to cancel.
- 55-484 - Resales of cooperative interests.
- 55-485 - Escrow of deposits.
- 55-486 - Release of liens.
- 55-487 - Conversion buildings.
- 55-488 - Express warranties of quality.
- 55-489 - Implied warranties of quality.
- 55-490 - Exclusion or modification of implied warranties of quality.
- 55-491 - Statute of limitations for warranties.
- 55-492 - Effect of violation on rights of action; attorney's fees; arbitration of disputes.
- 55-493 - Labeling of promotional material.
- 55-494 - Declarant's obligation to complete and restore.
- 55-495 - Substantial completion of units.
- 55-496 - Administrative agency.
- 55-497 - Registration required.
- 55-498 - Application for registration; approval of uncompleted unit.
- 55-499 - Receipt of application; order or registration.
- 55-500 - Cease and desist order.
- 55-501 - Revocation of registration.
- 55-502 - General powers and duties of agency.
- 55-503 - Investigative powers of agency.
- 55-504 - Annual report and amendments.
- 55-504.1 - Annual report by associations.
- 55-505 - Agency regulation of public offering statement.
- 55-506 - Penalties.
- Chapter 25 - Transfer of Deposits (55-507)
- Chapter 26 - Property Owners' Association Act (55-508 thru 55-516.2)
- 55-508 - Applicability.
- 55-509 - Definitions.
- 55-509.1 - Developer to pay real estate taxes attributable to the common area upon transfer to association.
- 55-509.10 - Exceptions to disclosure requirements.
- 55-509.2 - Documents to be provided by declarant upon transfer of control.
- 55-509.3 - Association charges.
- 55-509.4 - Contract disclosure statement; right of cancellation.
- 55-509.5 - Contents of association disclosure packet; delivery of packet.
- 55-509.6 - Fees for disclosure packet; associations managed by a common interest community manager.
- 55-509.7 - Fees for disclosure packets; associations not managed by a common interest community manager.
- 55-509.8 - Properties subject to more than one declaration.
- 55-509.9 - Requests by settlement agents.
- 55-510 - Access to association records; association meetings; notice.
- 55-510.1 - Meetings of the board of directors.
- 55-510.2 - Distribution of information by members.
- 55-511 - , 55-512
- 55-513 - Adoption and enforcement of rules.
- 55-513.1 - Display of the flag of the United States; necessary supporting structures; affirmative defense.
- 55-514 - Authority to levy special assessments.
- 55-514.1 - Reserves for capital components.
- 55-514.2 - Deposit of funds; fidelity bond.
- 55-515 - Compliance with declaration.
- 55-515.1 - Amendment to declaration and bylaws; consent of mortgagee.
- 55-515.2 - Validity of declaration; corrective amendments.
- 55-515.3 - Use of technology.
- 55-516 - Lien for assessments.
- 55-516.1 - Annual report by association.
- 55-516.2 - Condemnation of common area; procedure.
- Chapter 27 - Virginia Residential Property Disclosure Act (55-517 thru 55-525)
- 55-517 - Applicability.
- 55-518 - Exemptions.
- 55-519 - Required disclosures.
- 55-519.1 - Required disclosures pertaining to a military air installation.
- 55-520 - Time for disclosure; termination of contract.
- 55-521 - Owner liability.
- 55-522 - Change in circumstances.
- 55-523 - Duties of real estate licensees.
- 55-524 - Actions under this chapter.
- 55-525 - Real Estate Board to develop form; when effective.
- Chapter 27.1 - Exchange Facilitators Act (55-525.1 thru 55-525.7)
- 55-525.1 - Definitions.
- 55-525.2 - Change in control.
- 55-525.3 - Separately identified accounts, or qualified escrows or qualified trusts.
- 55-525.4 - Errors and omissions insurance; cash or letters of credit.
- 55-525.5 - Accounting for moneys and property.
- 55-525.6 - Prohibited acts.
- 55-525.7 - Penalty; attorney fees.
- Chapter 27.2 - Real Estate Settlements (55-525.8 thru 55-525.15)
- 55-525.10 - (Effective October 1, 2010) Duty of lender.
- 55-525.11 - (Effective October 1, 2010) Duty of settlement agent.
- 55-525.12 - (Effective October 1, 2010) Prohibition against payment or receipt of settlement services kickbacks, rebates, commissions, and other payments; penalty.
- 55-525.13 - (Effective October 1, 2010) Disclosure of affiliated business by settlement service providers.
- 55-525.14 - (Effective October 1, 2010) Disclosure of charges for appraisal or valuation using automated or other valuation mechanism.
- 55-525.15 - (Effective October 1, 2010) Penalty.
- 55-525.8 - (Effective October 1, 2010) Definitions.
- 55-525.9 - (Effective October 1, 2010) Applicability; effect of noncompliance.
- Chapter 27.3 - Real Estate Settlement Agents (55-525.16 thru 55-525.32)
- 55-525.16 - (Effective October 1, 2010) Definitions.
- 55-525.17 - (Effective October 1, 2010) Limitation on applicability of chapter.
- 55-525.18 - (Effective October 1, 2010) Scope of chapter; lay real estate settlement agents.
- 55-525.19 - (Effective October 1, 2010) Persons who may act as a settlement agent.
- 55-525.20 - (Effective October 1, 2010) Duties of settlement agents.
- 55-525.21 - (Effective October 1, 2010) Persons prohibited from assisting or being employed by settlement agents.
- 55-525.22 - (Effective October 1, 2010) Choice of settlement agent.
- 55-525.23 - (Effective October 1, 2010) Disclosure.
- 55-525.24 - (Effective October 1, 2010) Conditions for providing escrow, closing, or settlement services and for maintaining escrow accounts.
- 55-525.25 - (Effective October 1, 2010) Falsifying settlement statements prohibited.
- 55-525.26 - (Effective October 1, 2010) Separate charge for reporting transactions limited.
- 55-525.27 - (Effective October 1, 2010) Record retention requirements.
- 55-525.28 - (Effective October 1, 2010) Regulations and orders.
- 55-525.29 - (Effective October 1, 2010) Accounting by title insurance companies.
- 55-525.30 - (Effective October 1, 2010) Settlement agent registration requirements and compliance with unauthorized practice of law guidelines.
- 55-525.31 - (Effective October 1, 2010) Penalties and liabilities.
- 55-525.32 - (Effective October 1, 2010) Confidentiality of information obtained by the Commission.
- Chapter 28 - Commercial Real Estate Broker's Lien Act (55-526 thru 55-527)
- Chapter 29 - Common Interest Community Management Information Fund (55-528 thru 55-530.1)
- Chapter 30 - Disposition of Assets by Nonprofit Health Care Entities (55-531 thru 55-533)
- Chapter 31 - Uniform Trust Code (55-541.01 thru 55-551.06)
- 55-541.01 - Short title.
- 55-541.02 - Scope.
- 55-541.03 - Definitions.
- 55-541.04 - Knowledge.
- 55-541.05 - Default and mandatory rules.
- 55-541.06 - Common law of trusts; principles of equity.
- 55-541.07 - Governing law.
- 55-541.08 - Principal place of administration.
- 55-541.09 - Methods and waiver of notice.
- 55-541.10 - Others treated as qualified beneficiaries.
- 55-541.11 - Nonjudicial settlement agreements.
- 55-542.01 - Role of court in administration of trust.
- 55-542.02 - Jurisdiction over trustee and beneficiary.
- 55-542.03 - , 55-542.04
- 55-542.05 - Proceedings to appoint or remove trustees.
- 55-542.06 - Pleadings; parties; orders; notice.
- 55-543.01 - Representation; basic effect.
- 55-543.02 - Representation by holder of general testamentary power of appointment.
- 55-543.03 - Representation by fiduciaries and parents or other ancestors.
- 55-543.04 - Representation by person having substantially identical interest.
- 55-543.05 - Appointment of representative.
- 55-544.01 - Methods of creating trust.
- 55-544.02 - Requirements for creation.
- 55-544.03 - Trusts created in other jurisdictions.
- 55-544.04 - Trust purposes.
- 55-544.05 - Charitable purposes; enforcement.
- 55-544.06 - Creation of trust induced by fraud, duress, or undue influence.
- 55-544.07 - Evidence of oral trust.
- 55-544.08 - Trust for care of animal.
- 55-544.09 - Noncharitable trust without ascertainable beneficiary.
- 55-544.10 - Modification or termination of trust; proceedings for approval or disapproval.
- 55-544.11 - Modification or termination of noncharitable irrevocable trust by consent.
- 55-544.12 - Modification or termination because of unanticipated circumstances or inability to administer trust effectively.
- 55-544.13 - Cy pres.
- 55-544.14 - Modification or termination of uneconomic trust.
- 55-544.15 - Reformation to correct mistakes.
- 55-544.16 - Modification to achieve settlor's tax objectives.
- 55-544.17 - Combination and division of trusts.
- 55-544.18 - Amendment of trust where gift, etc., establishes private foundation or constitutes a charitable trust or a split-interest trust.
- 55-544.19 - Distribution of income of trust which is a private foundation or a charitable trust; prohibitions as to such private foundation.
- 55-544.20 - Prohibitions as to trust which is deemed a split-interest trust.
- 55-544.21 - Application of §§ 55-544.19 and 55-544.20.
- 55-544.22 - Interpretation of references to Internal Revenue Code in §§ through 55-544.21.
- 55-544.23 - Powers of courts not impaired by §§ 55-544.18 through 55-544.22; severability.
- 55-545.01 - Rights of beneficiary's creditor or assignee.
- 55-545.02 - Spendthrift provision.
- 55-545.03 - Exceptions to spendthrift provision.
- 55-545.03:1 - Certain claims for reimbursement for public assistance.
- 55-545.04 - Discretionary trusts; effect of standard.
- 55-545.05 - Creditor's claim against settlor.
- 55-545.06 - Overdue distribution.
- 55-545.07 - Personal obligations of trustee.
- 55-546.01 - Capacity of settlor of revocable trust.
- 55-546.02 - Revocation or amendment of revocable trust.
- 55-546.03 - Settlor's powers; powers of withdrawal.
- 55-546.04 - Limitation on action contesting validity of revocable trust; distribution of trust property.
- 55-547.01 - Accepting or declining trusteeship.
- 55-547.02 - Trustee's bond.
- 55-547.03 - Cotrustees.
- 55-547.04 - Vacancy in trusteeship; appointment of successor.
- 55-547.05 - Resignation of trustee.
- 55-547.06 - Removal of trustee.
- 55-547.07 - Delivery of property by former trustee.
- 55-547.08 - Compensation of trustee.
- 55-547.09 - Reimbursement of expenses.
- 55-548.01 - Duty to administer trust and invest.
- 55-548.02 - Duty of loyalty.
- 55-548.03 - Impartiality.
- 55-548.04 - Prudent administration.
- 55-548.05 - Costs of administration.
- 55-548.06 - Trustee's skills.
- 55-548.07 - Delegation by trustee.
- 55-548.08 - Powers to direct.
- 55-548.09 - Control and protection of trust property.
- 55-548.10 - Recordkeeping and identification of trust property.
- 55-548.11 - Enforcement and defense of claims.
- 55-548.12 - Collecting trust property.
- 55-548.13 - Duty to inform and report.
- 55-548.14 - Discretionary powers; tax savings.
- 55-548.15 - General powers of trustee.
- 55-548.16 - Specific powers of trustee.
- 55-548.17 - Distribution upon termination.
- 55-550.01 - Remedies for breach of trust.
- 55-550.02 - Damages for breach of trust.
- 55-550.03 - Damages in absence of breach.
- 55-550.04 - Attorneys' fees and costs.
- 55-550.05 - Limitation of action against trustee.
- 55-550.06 - Reliance on trust instrument.
- 55-550.07 - Event affecting administration or distribution.
- 55-550.08 - Exculpation of trustee.
- 55-550.09 - Beneficiary's consent, release, or ratification.
- 55-550.10 - Limitation on personal liability of trustee.
- 55-550.11 - Interest as general partner.
- 55-550.12 - Protection of person dealing with trustee.
- 55-550.13 - Certification of trust.
- 55-551.01 - Uniformity of application and construction.
- 55-551.02 - Electronic records and signatures.
- 55-551.03 - Severability clause.
- 55-551.04 - , 55-551.05
- 55-551.06 - Application to existing relationships.