47-10 Real Property Transfers

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CHAPTER 47-10REAL PROPERTY TRANSFERS47-10-01. Method of transfer. An estate in real property, other than an estate at will orfor a term not exceeding one year, can be transferred only by operation of law or by an<br>instrument in writing, subscribed by the party disposing of the same or by the party's agent<br>thereunto authorized by writing. This does not abridge the power of any court to compel the<br>specific performance of any agreement for the sale of real property in case of part performance<br>thereof.47-10-02. Sale of realty - Duty of seller. An agreement to sell real property binds theseller to execute a conveyance in form sufficient to pass the title to the property.47-10-03.Agreement to give usual covenants on sale - Duty imposed.Anagreement on the part of a seller of real property to give the usual covenants binds the seller to<br>insert in the grant covenants of seizin, quiet enjoyment, further assurance, general warranty, and<br>against encumbrances.47-10-04. Form of covenants. The covenants mentioned in section 47-10-03 must bein substance as follows:The party of the first part covenants with the party of the second part that the former now<br>is seized in fee simple of the property granted, that the latter shall enjoy the same without<br>any lawful disturbance, that the same is free from all encumbrances, that the party of the<br>first part and all persons acquiring any interest in the same through or for the party of the<br>first part on demand will execute and deliver to the party of the second part, at the<br>expense of the latter, any further assurance of the same that reasonably may be required,<br>and that the party of the first part will warrant to the party of the second part all the said<br>property against every person lawfully claiming the same.47-10-05.Grants - Execution - Witnesses sufficient - Seal unnecessary.Theexecution of a grant of an estate in real property to entitle the same to be recorded, if it is not<br>acknowledged, must be proved by a subscribing witness or as otherwise provided in sections<br>47-19-23 and 47-19-24. The absence of the seal of any grantor or grantor's agent from any grant<br>of an estate made in real property shall not invalidate or in any manner impair the same.47-10-05.1. Presumption of corporate authority of officers - Application. An officerof any foreign or domestic corporation, or a manager of any foreign or domestic limited liability<br>company, is presumed to have the power and authority to execute and acknowledge, in its<br>behalf, any instrument granting, conveying, or otherwise affecting any interest in or lien upon any<br>property of the corporation or limited liability company, including contracts, mortgages, deeds,<br>plats, replats, easements, rights of way, options, dedications, restrictions, releases, and<br>satisfactions. Any such instrument executed by an officer of the corporation or limited liability<br>company prior to July 1, 1983, and otherwise proper, is valid and effective.47-10-06.Form of grant.A grant of an estate in real property may be made insubstance as follows:This grant made the ________ day of ______, in the year of ______, between A.B.,<br>of ______, of the first part, and C.D., of ______, of the second part, witnesseth:<br>That the party of the first part hereby grants to the party of the second part in<br>consideration of ______ dollars, now received, all the real property situated in<br>______, and bounded (or described) as follows:_____________________________<br>Witness the hand of the party of the first part.A.B.Page No. 147-10-07.Deed - Execution - Post-office and street address of grantee aprerequisite. Each deed executed in which real estate is described shall contain the post-office<br>address, and any known or existing street address if within the corporate boundaries of a city, of<br>each grantee named in such deed.47-10-08. Grant conclusive against whom. Every grant of an estate in real property isconclusive against the grantor and every one subsequently claiming under the grantor, except a<br>purchaser or encumbrancer who in good faith and for a valuable consideration acquires a title or<br>lien by an instrument that first is duly recorded.47-10-09. Grant valid pro tanto. A grant made by the owner of an estate for life oryears, purporting to transfer a greater estate than the owner could transfer lawfully, does not<br>work a forfeiture of the owner's estate but passes to the grantee all the estate which the grantor<br>could lawfully transfer.47-10-10.Title to highway, street, alley, and public right of way - Vacation.Atransfer of land bounded by a highway, street, alley, or public right of way passes the title of the<br>person whose estate is transferred to the soil of the highway, street, alley, or public right of way in<br>front to the center thereof unless a different intent appears from the grant. Every conveyance of<br>real estate, which abuts upon a vacated highway, street, alley, or other public right of way, shall<br>be construed, unless a contrary intent appears, to include that part of such highway, street, alley,<br>or public right of way which attaches either by operation or presumption of law, to such abutting<br>real estate upon such vacation.47-10-11. Easements - Pass by transfer of property to which attached. A transfer ofreal property passes all easements attached thereto and creates in favor thereof an easement to<br>use other real property of the person whose estate is transferred in the same manner and to the<br>same extent as such property obviously and permanently was used by the person whose estate<br>is transferred, for the benefit thereof, at the time when the transfer was agreed upon or<br>completed.47-10-12.Warranties - Lineal and collateral abolished - Exceptions.Lineal andcollateral warranties with all their incidents are abolished but the heirs and devisees of any<br>person who has made any covenant or agreement in reference to the title of, in, or to any real<br>property are answerable upon such covenant or agreement to the extent of the land descended<br>or devised to them in the cases and in the manner prescribed by law.47-10-13.Grant presumes fee simple title.A fee simple title is presumed to beintended to pass by a grant of real property unless it appears from the grant that a lesser estate<br>was intended.47-10-14. Grant takes effect on performance of condition. An instrument purportingto be a grant of real property to take effect upon a condition precedent passes the estate upon<br>the performance of the condition.47-10-15. After-acquired title. When a person purports by proper instrument to grantreal property in fee simple and subsequently acquires any title or claim of title thereto, the same<br>passes by operation of law to the grantee or the grantee's successors.47-10-16. Reconveyance when estate defeated by nonperformance of conditionsubsequent. When a grant is made upon condition subsequent and subsequently is defeated<br>by the nonperformance of the condition, the person otherwise entitled to hold under the grant<br>must reconvey the property to the grantor or the grantor's successors by grant duly<br>acknowledged for record.47-10-17.Encumbrances defined.The term encumbrances includes taxes,assessments, and all liens upon real property.Page No. 247-10-18.Liability of grantor.Whoever conveys real estate by deed or mortgagecontaining a covenant that it is free from all encumbrances, when an encumbrance appears of<br>record to exist thereon, whether known or unknown to that person, shall be liable in an action of<br>contract, to the grantee and the grantee's heirs, executors, administrators, successors, grantees,<br>or assigns for all damages sustained in removing the same.47-10-19. Covenants implied from use of word grant. From the use of the word"grant" in any conveyance by which an estate of inheritance or fee simple is to be passed, the<br>following covenants, and none other, on the part of the grantor for the grantor and the grantor's<br>heirs to the grantee and the grantee's heirs and assigns, are implied unless restrained by<br>express terms contained in such conveyance:1.That previous to the time of the execution of such conveyance, the grantor has not<br>conveyed the same estate, nor any right, title, or interest therein, to any person other<br>than the grantee; and2.That such estate, at the time of the execution of such conveyance, is free from<br>encumbrances done, made, or suffered by the grantor, or any person claiming under<br>the grantor. Such covenants may be sued upon in the same manner as if they had<br>been inserted expressly in the conveyance.47-10-20. Attornment - When unnecessary. Grants of rents, reversions, or remaindersare good and effectual without attornments of the tenants, but no tenant, who before notice of the<br>grant shall have paid rent to the grantor, must suffer any damage thereby.47-10-21. Reservation of coal limited to description. Repealed by S.L. 1979, ch. 187,</div></article><aside class="right-sidebar"><div class="related-sidebar"><h3><span class="emoji">⚖️</span> State Laws</h3><ul class="state-laws-list"><li><a href="https://state-laws.laws.com/state-of-alabama">The State Laws of Alabama</a></li><li><a href="https://state-laws.laws.com/state-of-alaska">The State Laws of Alaska</a></li><li><a href="https://state-laws.laws.com/state-of-arizona">The State Laws of Arizona</a></li><li><a href="https://state-laws.laws.com/state-of-arkansas">The State Laws of Arkansas</a></li><li><a href="https://state-laws.laws.com/state-of-california">The State Laws of California</a></li><li><a href="https://state-laws.laws.com/state-of-colorado">The State Laws of Colorado</a></li><li><a href="https://state-laws.laws.com/state-of-connecticut">The State Laws of Connecticut</a></li><li><a href="https://state-laws.laws.com/state-of-delaware">The State Laws of Delaware</a></li><li><a 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height:815px; text-align:center;\"\u003eLoading PDF...\u003c/div\u003e\u003cscript type=\"text/javascript\"\u003e var pdf_url = 'https://law.justia.com/codes/north-dakota/2009/t47/pdf/t47c10.pdf'; $(document).ready(function() { var embedwindow = $(\"#embed_document\"); if ($.browser.msie){ embedwindow.html('\u003cembed src=\"'+pdf_url+'\" width=\"100%\" height=\"100%\"\u003e\u003c/embed\u003e'); } else { embedwindow.html('\u003ciframe style=\"width:100%; height:100%;\" src=\"https://docs.google.com/gview?url='+window.escape(pdf_url)+'\u0026embedded=true\" frameborder=\"0\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e'); } });\u003c/script\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cnoframes\u003eCHAPTER 47-10REAL PROPERTY TRANSFERS47-10-01. Method of transfer. An estate in real property, other than an estate at will orfor a term not exceeding one year, can be transferred only by operation of law or by an\u003cbr\u003einstrument in writing, subscribed by the party disposing of the same or by the party's agent\u003cbr\u003ethereunto authorized by writing. This does not abridge the power of any court to compel the\u003cbr\u003especific performance of any agreement for the sale of real property in case of part performance\u003cbr\u003ethereof.47-10-02. Sale of realty - Duty of seller. An agreement to sell real property binds theseller to execute a conveyance in form sufficient to pass the title to the property.47-10-03.Agreement to give usual covenants on sale - Duty imposed.Anagreement on the part of a seller of real property to give the usual covenants binds the seller to\u003cbr\u003einsert in the grant covenants of seizin, quiet enjoyment, further assurance, general warranty, and\u003cbr\u003eagainst encumbrances.47-10-04. Form of covenants. The covenants mentioned in section 47-10-03 must bein substance as follows:The party of the first part covenants with the party of the second part that the former now\u003cbr\u003eis seized in fee simple of the property granted, that the latter shall enjoy the same without\u003cbr\u003eany lawful disturbance, that the same is free from all encumbrances, that the party of the\u003cbr\u003efirst part and all persons acquiring any interest in the same through or for the party of the\u003cbr\u003efirst part on demand will execute and deliver to the party of the second part, at the\u003cbr\u003eexpense of the latter, any further assurance of the same that reasonably may be required,\u003cbr\u003eand that the party of the first part will warrant to the party of the second part all the said\u003cbr\u003eproperty against every person lawfully claiming the same.47-10-05.Grants - Execution - Witnesses sufficient - Seal unnecessary.Theexecution of a grant of an estate in real property to entitle the same to be recorded, if it is not\u003cbr\u003eacknowledged, must be proved by a subscribing witness or as otherwise provided in sections\u003cbr\u003e47-19-23 and 47-19-24. The absence of the seal of any grantor or grantor's agent from any grant\u003cbr\u003eof an estate made in real property shall not invalidate or in any manner impair the same.47-10-05.1. Presumption of corporate authority of officers - Application. An officerof any foreign or domestic corporation, or a manager of any foreign or domestic limited liability\u003cbr\u003ecompany, is presumed to have the power and authority to execute and acknowledge, in its\u003cbr\u003ebehalf, any instrument granting, conveying, or otherwise affecting any interest in or lien upon any\u003cbr\u003eproperty of the corporation or limited liability company, including contracts, mortgages, deeds,\u003cbr\u003eplats, replats, easements, rights of way, options, dedications, restrictions, releases, and\u003cbr\u003esatisfactions. Any such instrument executed by an officer of the corporation or limited liability\u003cbr\u003ecompany prior to July 1, 1983, and otherwise proper, is valid and effective.47-10-06.Form of grant.A grant of an estate in real property may be made insubstance as follows:This grant made the ________ day of ______, in the year of ______, between A.B.,\u003cbr\u003eof ______, of the first part, and C.D., of ______, of the second part, witnesseth:\u003cbr\u003eThat the party of the first part hereby grants to the party of the second part in\u003cbr\u003econsideration of ______ dollars, now received, all the real property situated in\u003cbr\u003e______, and bounded (or described) as follows:_____________________________\u003cbr\u003eWitness the hand of the party of the first part.A.B.Page No. 147-10-07.Deed - Execution - Post-office and street address of grantee aprerequisite. Each deed executed in which real estate is described shall contain the post-office\u003cbr\u003eaddress, and any known or existing street address if within the corporate boundaries of a city, of\u003cbr\u003eeach grantee named in such deed.47-10-08. Grant conclusive against whom. Every grant of an estate in real property isconclusive against the grantor and every one subsequently claiming under the grantor, except a\u003cbr\u003epurchaser or encumbrancer who in good faith and for a valuable consideration acquires a title or\u003cbr\u003elien by an instrument that first is duly recorded.47-10-09. Grant valid pro tanto. A grant made by the owner of an estate for life oryears, purporting to transfer a greater estate than the owner could transfer lawfully, does not\u003cbr\u003ework a forfeiture of the owner's estate but passes to the grantee all the estate which the grantor\u003cbr\u003ecould lawfully transfer.47-10-10.Title to highway, street, alley, and public right of way - Vacation.Atransfer of land bounded by a highway, street, alley, or public right of way passes the title of the\u003cbr\u003eperson whose estate is transferred to the soil of the highway, street, alley, or public right of way in\u003cbr\u003efront to the center thereof unless a different intent appears from the grant. Every conveyance of\u003cbr\u003ereal estate, which abuts upon a vacated highway, street, alley, or other public right of way, shall\u003cbr\u003ebe construed, unless a contrary intent appears, to include that part of such highway, street, alley,\u003cbr\u003eor public right of way which attaches either by operation or presumption of law, to such abutting\u003cbr\u003ereal estate upon such vacation.47-10-11. Easements - Pass by transfer of property to which attached. A transfer ofreal property passes all easements attached thereto and creates in favor thereof an easement to\u003cbr\u003euse other real property of the person whose estate is transferred in the same manner and to the\u003cbr\u003esame extent as such property obviously and permanently was used by the person whose estate\u003cbr\u003eis transferred, for the benefit thereof, at the time when the transfer was agreed upon or\u003cbr\u003ecompleted.47-10-12.Warranties - Lineal and collateral abolished - Exceptions.Lineal andcollateral warranties with all their incidents are abolished but the heirs and devisees of any\u003cbr\u003eperson who has made any covenant or agreement in reference to the title of, in, or to any real\u003cbr\u003eproperty are answerable upon such covenant or agreement to the extent of the land descended\u003cbr\u003eor devised to them in the cases and in the manner prescribed by law.47-10-13.Grant presumes fee simple title.A fee simple title is presumed to beintended to pass by a grant of real property unless it appears from the grant that a lesser estate\u003cbr\u003ewas intended.47-10-14. Grant takes effect on performance of condition. An instrument purportingto be a grant of real property to take effect upon a condition precedent passes the estate upon\u003cbr\u003ethe performance of the condition.47-10-15. After-acquired title. When a person purports by proper instrument to grantreal property in fee simple and subsequently acquires any title or claim of title thereto, the same\u003cbr\u003epasses by operation of law to the grantee or the grantee's successors.47-10-16. Reconveyance when estate defeated by nonperformance of conditionsubsequent. When a grant is made upon condition subsequent and subsequently is defeated\u003cbr\u003eby the nonperformance of the condition, the person otherwise entitled to hold under the grant\u003cbr\u003emust reconvey the property to the grantor or the grantor's successors by grant duly\u003cbr\u003eacknowledged for record.47-10-17.Encumbrances defined.The term encumbrances includes taxes,assessments, and all liens upon real property.Page No. 247-10-18.Liability of grantor.Whoever conveys real estate by deed or mortgagecontaining a covenant that it is free from all encumbrances, when an encumbrance appears of\u003cbr\u003erecord to exist thereon, whether known or unknown to that person, shall be liable in an action of\u003cbr\u003econtract, to the grantee and the grantee's heirs, executors, administrators, successors, grantees,\u003cbr\u003eor assigns for all damages sustained in removing the same.47-10-19. Covenants implied from use of word grant. From the use of the word\u0026quot;grant\u0026quot; in any conveyance by which an estate of inheritance or fee simple is to be passed, the\u003cbr\u003efollowing covenants, and none other, on the part of the grantor for the grantor and the grantor's\u003cbr\u003eheirs to the grantee and the grantee's heirs and assigns, are implied unless restrained by\u003cbr\u003eexpress terms contained in such conveyance:1.That previous to the time of the execution of such conveyance, the grantor has not\u003cbr\u003econveyed the same estate, nor any right, title, or interest therein, to any person other\u003cbr\u003ethan the grantee; and2.That such estate, at the time of the execution of such conveyance, is free from\u003cbr\u003eencumbrances done, made, or suffered by the grantor, or any person claiming under\u003cbr\u003ethe grantor. Such covenants may be sued upon in the same manner as if they had\u003cbr\u003ebeen inserted expressly in the conveyance.47-10-20. Attornment - When unnecessary. Grants of rents, reversions, or remaindersare good and effectual without attornments of the tenants, but no tenant, who before notice of the\u003cbr\u003egrant shall have paid rent to the grantor, must suffer any damage thereby.47-10-21. Reservation of coal limited to description. 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